Prediction of Drug Distribution in Rat and Humans Using an Artificial Neural Networks Ensemble and a PBPK Model

• Published in: Pharmaceutical research Vol. 31; no. 12; pp. 3313 - 3322
• Main Authors: Paixão, Paulo, Aniceto, Natália, Gouveia, Luís F., Morais, José A. G.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Boston Springer US 01.12.2014; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Algorithms; Animals; Biochemistry; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering; Biomedicine; Computer Simulation; Human subjects; Humans; Mathematical models; Medical Law; Models, Biological; Neural networks; Neural Networks (Computer); Pharmaceutical Preparations - metabolism; Pharmaceutical sciences; Pharmacokinetics; Pharmacology/Toxicology; Pharmacy; Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship; Rats; Reproducibility of Results; Research Paper; Rodents; Tissue Distribution; PBPK; rat tissue-to-blood partition coefficients; Artificial Neural Networks; volume of distribution; QSAR
• ISSN: 0724-8741; 1573-904X; 1573-904X
• DOI: 10.1007/s11095-014-1421-4

ABSTRACT Purpose To develop a QSAR model, based on calculated molecular descriptors and an Artificial Neural Networks Ensemble (ANNE), for the estimation of rat tissue-to-blood partition coefficients (K t:b ), as well as the assessment of the applicability domain of the model and its utility in predicting the drug distribution in humans. Methods A total of 1460 individual K t:b values (75% train and 25% validation), obtained in 13 different rat tissues were collected in the literature. A correlation between simple molecular descriptors for lipophilicity, ionization, size and hydrogen bonding capacity and K t:b data was attempted by using an ANNE. Results Similar statistics were observed between the train and validation group of data with correlations, between the observed values and the predicted average ANNE values, of 0.909 and 0.896, respectively. A degradation of the correlations was observed for predicted values with high uncertainty, as judged by the standard deviations of the ANNE outputs. This was further observed when using the ANNE K t:b values in a Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for predicting the Human Volume of distribution of another 532 drugs. Conclusions This model (available as a MS Excel® workbook in the Supporting material of this article) may be a valuable tool for prediction and simulation in early drug development, allowing the in silico estimation of rat K t:b values for PBPK purposes and also indicating its applicability domain.