Pharmacogenetics in Response to Biological Agents in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 26; no. 4; p. 1760
• Main Authors: Ballesta-López, Octavio, Gil-Candel, Mayte, Centelles-Oria, María, Megías-Vericat, Juan Eduardo, Solana-Altabella, Antonio, Ribes-Artero, Hugo, Nos-Mateu, Pilar, García-Pellicer, Javier, Poveda-Andrés, José Luis
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 19.02.2025; MDPI
• Subjects: Analysis; Biological Factors - therapeutic use; Clinical outcomes; Crohn's disease; Diseases; Ethnicity; Genes; Genetic markers; Genotype & phenotype; Humans; Inflammatory bowel disease; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - drug therapy; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - genetics; Kinases; Medical research; Medical Subject Headings-MeSH; Pharmacogenetics; Pharmacogenetics - methods; Polymorphism; Precision Medicine; Review; Spain; Systematic review; Tofacitinib; Toxicity; Treatment Outcome; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Spain; vedolizumab; ustekinumab; infliximab; polymorphism; ulcerative colitis; adalimumab; inflammatory bowel disease; Crohn’s disease
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms26041760

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic inflammatory disorders influenced by microbial, environmental, genetic, and immune factors. The introduction of biological agents has transformed IBD therapy, improving symptoms, reducing complications, and enhancing patients’ quality of life. However, approximately 30% of patients exhibit primary non-response, and 50% experience a loss of response over time. Genetic and non-genetic factors contribute to variability in treatment outcomes. This systematic review aims to thoroughly analyze and assess existing studies exploring the relationships between genetic variations and individual responses to biologic drugs, in order to identify genetic markers that are predictive of treatment efficacy, risk of adverse effects, or drug toxicity, thereby informing clinical practice and guiding future research. PubMed and EMBASE papers were reviewed by three independent reviewers according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses [PRISMA] guidelines. Of the 883 records screened, 99 met the inclusion criteria. The findings of this review represent an initial step toward personalized medicine in IBD, with the potential to improve clinical outcomes in biological therapy.