Hybrid metaheuristic optimization for detecting and diagnosing noncommunicable diseases

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 15; no. 1; pp. 7816 - 33
• Main Authors: Malik, Saleem, Patro, S. Gopal Krishna, Mahanty, Chandrakanta, Kumar, Saravanapriya, Lasisi, Ayodele, Naveed, Quadri Noorulhasan, Kulkarni, Anjanabhargavi, Buradi, Abdulrajak, Emma, Addisu Frinjo, Kraiem, Naoufel
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 06.03.2025; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 639/705/1042; 639/705/117; Accuracy; Algorithms; Classification; Computer applications; COVID-19; COVID-19 - diagnosis; COVID-19 - epidemiology; Data mining; Data Mining - methods; Feature selection; Health care; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; multidisciplinary; Non-Communicable diseases; Noncommunicable Diseases - diagnosis; Noncommunicable Diseases - epidemiology; Optimization; Optimization algorithms; Pandemics; Patients; Problem solving; Public health; SARS-CoV-2; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Non-Communicable diseases; Optimization algorithms; Feature selection
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-91136-3

In our data-driven world, the healthcare sector faces significant challenges in the early detection and management of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs). The COVID-19 pandemic has further emphasized the need for effective tools to predict and treat NCDs, especially in individuals at risk. This research addresses these pressing concerns by proposing a comprehensive framework that combines advanced data mining techniques, feature selection, and meta-heuristic optimization. The proposed framework introduces novel hybrid algorithms, including the Hierarchical Genetic Multiple Reduct Selection Algorithm (H-GMRA) and the Customized Function-based Particle Swarm Optimization with Rough Set Theory for NCD Feature Selection (CPSO-RST-NFS). These algorithms aim to address the challenges of feature selection, computational complexity, and disease classification accuracy. H-GMRA outperforms traditional methods by identifying minimal feature sets with high dependency ratios. CPSO-RST-NFS combines meta-heuristic optimization with feature selection, resulting in improved efficiency and accuracy. Through extensive experimentation on diverse NCD datasets, this research demonstrates the framework’s ability to select informative features, improve classification accuracy, and contribute to better patient outcomes. By bridging the gap between computational efficiency and disease classification accuracy, this work offers valuable insights for healthcare practitioners and data analysts, ultimately advancing the field of NCD research. The proposed framework presents a significant step towards enhancing the early detection and management of NCDs, offering hope for more precise clinical predictions and improved patient care.