Speech and the swallowing threshold in single implant overdenture wearers: A paired control study

• Published in: Journal of oral rehabilitation Vol. 48; no. 11; pp. 1262 - 1270
• Main Authors: Meira, Ingrid Andrade, Pinheiro, Mayara Abreu, Prado‐Tozzi, Daniela Almeida, Cáceres‐Barreno, Andrés Humberto, Moraes, Márcio, Rodrigues Garcia, Renata Cunha Matheus
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chichester Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.11.2021
• Subjects: aged; dental implantation; Dental implants; denture; Dentures; Edentulous; Mandible; Mastication; Older people; overlay; Speech; speech disorder; Speech disorders; Swallowing; Transplants & implants
• ISSN: 0305-182X; 1365-2842; 1365-2842
• DOI: 10.1111/joor.13240

Background Single implant mandibular overdentures (SIMOs) can improve mastication in edentulous elderly people. However, little attention has been paid to their effects on articulation disorders and the swallowing threshold relative to those of conventional complete dentures (CDs). Objective To compare the effects of new conventional CD set and SIMOs on articulation disorders, mandibular movements during speech and swallowing threshold using a paired study design. Methods Twenty‐two edentulous Brazilian Portuguese–speaking elderly people (mean age 66.7 ± 4.6 years) were first evaluated whilst wearing their old conventional CDs. Articulation disorders were analysed by audio and video recordings, mandibular movements during speech were measured by kinesiography, and the swallowing threshold was assessed by masticatory cycle counting and medium particle size (X50) calculation. Participants then received new conventional CDs, and evaluations were repeated 2 months later. Subsequently, single implants were installed in the midlines of subjects’ mandibles, and the conventional CDs were converted to SIMOs. After 2 months of SIMOs use, the evaluations were repeated. Data were submitted to the Cochran‐Mantel‐Haenszel and ANOVA. Results No difference in articulation disorders was found between new conventional CD and SIMO use. The frequency of anterior lisp during /s/ and /z/ phoneme pronunciation was reduced with new conventional CD use relative to old conventional CD use (p < .05). The X50 decreased progressively with new conventional CD and SIMO use (both p < .05). Conclusion SIMOs do not alter speech relative to new well‐fitted conventional CDs, but improved the swallowing threshold, in edentulous elderly people.