Photocatalytic degradation using design of experiments: A review and example of the Congo red degradation

• Published in: Journal of hazardous materials Vol. 175; no. 1; pp. 33 - 44
• Main Authors: Sakkas, Vasilios A., Islam, Md. Azharul, Stalikas, Constantine, Albanis, Triantafyllos A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier B.V 15.03.2010; Elsevier
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Catalysis; Catalytic reactions; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Coloring Agents - chemistry; Coloring Agents - metabolism; Congo Red - chemistry; Congo Red - metabolism; Continental surface waters; Exact sciences and technology; Experimental design; General and physical chemistry; Hydrogen Peroxide - chemistry; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Models, Statistical; Models, Theoretical; Natural water pollution; Optimization; Photocatalysis; Photochemistry - methods; Pollution; Reactors; Research Design; Review; RSM; Surface Properties; Theory of reactions, general kinetics. Catalysis. Nomenclature, chemical documentation, computer chemistry; Titanium - chemistry; Ultraviolet Rays; Water - metabolism; Water Pollutants - chemistry; Water Purification - methods; Water treatment and pollution; CCD; Photocatalysis; TOC; Review; ANNs; RSM; OFAT; PhACs; Optimization; AOPs; CR; PCPs; ANOVA; Experimental design; BOD; DOEs; COD; MANOVA; Catalytic reaction; Dyes; Hydrogen peroxide; Pollutant behavior; Design; Surface water; Stream; Catalysis; Titanium oxide; Catalyst; Chemometrics; Polynomial regression; Photochemical degradation
• ISSN: 0304-3894; 1873-3336; 1873-3336
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.10.050

The use of chemometric methods such as response surface methodology (RSM) based on statistical design of experiments (DOEs) is becoming increasingly widespread in several sciences such as analytical chemistry, engineering and environmental chemistry. Applied catalysis, is certainly not the exception. It is clear that photocatalytic processes mated with chemometric experimental design play a crucial role in the ability of reaching the optimum of the catalytic reactions. The present article reviews the major applications of RSM in modern experimental design combined with photocatalytic degradation processes. Moreover, the theoretical principles and designs that enable to obtain a polynomial regression equation, which expresses the influence of process parameters on the response are thoroughly discussed. An original experimental work, the photocatalytic degradation of the dye Congo red (CR) using TiO 2 suspensions and H 2O 2, in natural surface water (river water) is comprehensively described as a case study, in order to provide sufficient guidelines to deal with this subject, in a rational and integrated way.