Optimization of extraction conditions for phytochemicals from Senna fistula using cheminformatics

• Published in: SN applied sciences Vol. 5; no. 8; pp. 209 - 10
• Main Authors: Faboro, Esther Oremeyi, Adekunle, David Oluwatobi, Obisesan, Idowu Arinola, Oyinlola, Tomiwa Adelani
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 01.08.2023; Springer Nature B.V; Springer
• Subjects: Acetic acid; Anthraquinones; Applied and Technical Physics; Bark; Bioactive compounds; Carbohydrates; Cardiac glycosides; Cheminformatics; Chemistry; Chemistry/Food Science; Chromatography; Dichloromethane; Earth Sciences; Engineering; Environment; Ethanol; Ethyl acetate; Fistulae; Flavonoids; Flowers; Flowers & plants; Glycosides; Golden-shower tree; Herbal medicine; Informatics; Leaves; Legume; Materials Science; Medicinal plant; Medicinal plants; Optimal yield; Optimization; Ornamental plants; Ornamental trees; Palm wine; Phenols; Phytochemicals; Plant extracts; Plants (botany); Proteins; Qualitative analysis; Roadsides; Saponins; Senna fistula; Shaking; Solvents; Steroids; Terpenes; Tropical plants; Wines; Nigeria; Cheminformatics; Phytochemicals; Golden-shower tree; Legume; Medicinal plant
• ISSN: 2523-3963; 2523-3971; 2523-3971
• DOI: 10.1007/s42452-023-05421-9

Senna fistula (commonly called golden shower tree) is a tropical plant renowned for its established medicinal properties. Additionally, it serves as a popular ornamental tree for homesteads and roadside plantings. But previous phytochemical studies on the plant adopted the conventional methods of extraction without optimal yield of the plant extract. This study investigated on the phytochemistry of S. fistula leaf, stem bark and flower using ethanol, aqueous and palm wine extracts. Also, optimization of extraction with the aid of design expert was carried out to determine the extraction condition that would give the optimum yield using different solvent. Result of qualitative analysis on phytochemicals showed presence of anthraquinones, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, phenols, cardiac glycosides and tannins. An extraction of 10 g of S. fistula for 24 h at 300 rpm, with an orbital shaker time of 30 min, gave an optimal yield of 3.6 g. The bio-active compounds found in S. fistula are subjects of more exploratory research with usable products that can benefit mankind as the focus. Highlights Phytochemical analysis of S. fistula flower revealed the present of bioactive phytochemicals which can be further harnessed for pharmaceutical purposes. Orbital shaking time of 29 min at 300 rpm gave an optimum yield of 3.4 g in S. fistula . Dichloromethane and ethyl acetate solvents produced the best retention factor for S. fistula .