Cord blood transplantation for AML: Comparable LFS in patients with de novo versus secondary AML in CR1, an ALWP/EBMT study

• Published in: British journal of haematology Vol. 204; no. 1; pp. 250 - 259
• Main Authors: Baron, Frédéric, Nagler, Arnon, Galimard, Jacques‐Emmanuel, Sanz, Jaime, Versluis, Jurjen, Forcade, Edouard, Chevallier, Patrice, Sirvent, Anne, Anthias, Chloe, Kuball, Jürgen, Furst, Sabine, Rambaldi, Alessandro, Sierra, Jorge, von dem Borne, Peter A., Gallego Hernanz, Maria Pilar, Cluzeau, Thomas, Robinson, Stephen, Raiola, Anna Maria, Labussière‐Wallet, Hélène, Byrne, Jenny L., Malfuson, Jean‐Valère, Ruggeri, Annalisa, Mohty, Mohamad, Ciceri, Fabio
• Format: Journal Article Web Resource
• Language: English
• Published: England Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.01.2024; Wiley; John Wiley and Sons Inc
• Subjects: acute myeloid leukaemia; Acute myeloid leukemia; Adult; Allografts; AML; Bone marrow transplantation; Cancer; Cord blood; Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation - adverse effects; cord blood transplantation; Cyclophosphamide; de novo; Graft vs Host Disease - etiology; Hematology; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation - methods; Hematopoietic stem cells; Human health sciences; Humans; Hématologie; Leukemia; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute - complications; Life Sciences; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - etiology; Neoplasms, Second Primary - etiology; Receptors, Complement 3b; Remission; Retrospective Studies; Sciences de la santé humaine; secondary; Transplantation Conditioning - methods; Transplants & implants; AML; secondary; acute myeloid leukaemia; cord blood transplantation; de novo
• ISSN: 0007-1048; 1365-2141; 1365-2141
• DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19130

We investigated whether secondary versus de novo acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) would be associated with poor outcomes in adult acute AML patients in first complete remission (CR1) receiving unrelated cord blood transplantation (CBT). This is a retrospective study from the acute leukaemia working party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Inclusion criteria included adult at first allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation between 2000 and 2021, unrelated single or double unit CBT, AML in CR1, no ex vivo T‐cell depletion and no post‐transplant cyclophosphamide. The primary end‐point of the study was leukaemia‐free survival (LFS). A total of 879 patients with de novo ( n  = 696) or secondary ( n  = 183) AML met the inclusion criteria. In multivariable analyses, sAML patients had non‐significantly different LFS (HR = 0.98, p  = 0.86), overall survival (HR = 1.07, p  = 0.58), relapse incidence (HR = 0.74, p  = 0.09) and non‐relapse mortality (HR = 1.26, p  = 0.13) than those with de novo AML. Our results demonstrate non‐significantly different LFS following CBT in adult patients with secondary versus de novo AML.