Psychotherapeutic Techniques for Distressing Memories: A Comparative Study between EMDR, Brainspotting, and Body Scan Meditation

• Published in: International journal of environmental research and public health Vol. 19; no. 3; p. 1142
• Main Authors: D’Antoni, Fabio, Matiz, Alessio, Fabbro, Franco, Crescentini, Cristiano
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 20.01.2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Adult; Consciousness; Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing - methods; Eye movements; Humans; Hypotheses; Intervention; Meditation; Memory; Mindfulness; Narrative techniques; Neurobiology; Post traumatic stress disorder; Psychologists; Psychopathology; Psychotherapy; Psychotherapy - methods; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - therapy; Therapy; Trauma; Treatment Outcome; Brainspotting; trauma; stress; body-oriented intervention; EMDR; body scan meditation; mindfulness; distressing memories; bottom-up therapy; psychotherapy
• ISSN: 1660-4601; 1661-7827; 1660-4601
• DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031142

Objectives: We explored the effects of a single 40-min session of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), Brainspotting (BSP), and Body Scan Meditation (BSM) in the processing of distressing memories reported by a non-clinical sample of adult participants. Design: A within-subject design was used. Methods: Participants (n = 40 Psychologists/MDs) reported four distressing memories, each of which treated with a single intervention. EMDR, BSP, and BSM were compared with each other, and with a Book Reading (BR) active control condition, using as dependent measures, SUD (Subjective Units of Disturbance) and Memory Telling Duration (MTD) on a 4-point timeline: Baseline, Pre-Intervention, Post-Intervention, Follow-up. Results: SUD scores associated with EMDR, BSP, and BSM significantly decreased from Pre- to Post-Intervention (p < 0.001). At Post-Intervention and Follow-up, EMDR and BSP SUD scores were significantly lower than BSM and BR scores (p < 0.02). At both Post-Intervention and Follow-up, BSM SUD scores were lower than BR scores (p < 0.01). A reduction in MTD was observed from Pre- to Post-Intervention for EMDR and BSP conditions (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Overall, results showed beneficial effects of single sessions of EMDR, BSP, or BSM in the processing of healthy adults’ distressing memories. Study limitations and suggestions for future research are discussed.