Chiroptical anisotropy of crystals and molecules
Optical activity, a foundational part of chemistry, is not restricted to chiral molecules although generations have been instructed otherwise. A more inclusive view of optical activity is valuable because it clarifies structure-property relationships however, this view only comes into focus in measu...
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| Published in | Chemical communications (Cambridge, England) Vol. 57; no. 66; pp. 817 - 812 |
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| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Cambridge
Royal Society of Chemistry
25.08.2021
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1359-7345 1364-548X 1364-548X |
| DOI | 10.1039/d1cc00991e |
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| Summary: | Optical activity, a foundational part of chemistry, is not restricted to chiral molecules although generations have been instructed otherwise. A more inclusive view of optical activity is valuable because it clarifies structure-property relationships however, this view only comes into focus in measurements of oriented molecules, commonly found in crystals. Unfortunately, measurements of optical rotatory dispersion or circular dichroism in anisotropic single crystals have challenged scientists for more than two centuries. New polarimetric methods for unpacking the optical activity of crystals in general directions are still needed. Such methods are reviewed as well as some of the 'nourishment' they provide, thereby inviting to new researchers. Methods for fitting intensity measurements in terms of the constitutive tensor that manifests as the differential refraction and absorption of circularly polarized light, are described, and examples are illustrated. Single oriented molecules, as opposed to single oriented crystals, can be treated computationally. Structure-property correlations for such achiral molecules with comparatively simple electronic structures are considered as a heuristic foundation for the response of crystals that may be subject to measurement.
Optical activity measurements of isotropic media average orientational dependencies of light matter interactions. Crystals in the lab and oriented molecules
in silico
reveal essential chemical quantities in the fullness of their three dimensions. |
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| Bibliography: | Alex Martin was born in Pennsylvania in 1991. He studied physical chemistry at Boston College (BS) and New York University (PhD, 2018). He then moved into climate and energy policy, completing post doctoral fellowships at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and in the U.S. Congress where he staffed Senator Brian Schatz (D-HI). He now works on climate finance policy at Americans for Financial Reform, a DC-based think tank. Veronica L. Murphy was born in New Jersey in 1986. She studied chemistry at William Paterson University of New Jersey (BS, 2009) and New York University (PhD, 2016). She did her postdoc with NYU's College of Core Curriculum (2016-2018) teaching introductory chemistry to non-science majors. She is currently teaching Advanced Placement calculus and chemistry at Bethlehem Catholic High School and is pursuing a Masters in Secondary Education through Cedar Crest College. She plans to transition into a public-school teaching career at the high school Advanced Placement level, preparing college-bound students for the rigors and structure of college level courses. Bart Kahr was born in NYC in 1961. He studied at Middlebury College, Princeton University (PhD, 1988), and Yale University. He was a faculty member at Purdue University from 1990-1996 and at the University of Washington, Seattle from 1997-2009. He returned to his hometown where he is currently Professor of Chemistry in the Molecular Design Institute at New York University. His research group studies the growth, structure, and physical properties of crystalline, an complex materials with a particular emphasis on new methods of metrology with polarized light, and the interpretation of the interactions of light with organized media. Shane Nichols was born in Alaska in 1988. He studied chemistry at Kansas State University (BS) and New York University (PhD, 2018). He did a postdoc at Harvard University in a neuroscience group before joining the senior staff at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory in the Optics and Photonics Group, where he works on a variety of government programs. ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 |
| ISSN: | 1359-7345 1364-548X 1364-548X |
| DOI: | 10.1039/d1cc00991e |