Experimental study of power generation utilizing human excreta

•Power generation from human excreta has been studied under ambient conditions.•Biogas increases with solid wastes and continuous feeding at mesophilic conditions.•Understand the potential of human excreta for domestic power generating systems.•26.8kWh power is generated using biogas of 0.35m3/kg fr...

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Published inEnergy conversion and management Vol. 147; pp. 86 - 99
Main Authors Mudasar, Roshaan, Kim, Man-Hoe
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01.09.2017
Elsevier Science Ltd
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0196-8904
1879-2227
DOI10.1016/j.enconman.2017.05.052

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Abstract •Power generation from human excreta has been studied under ambient conditions.•Biogas increases with solid wastes and continuous feeding at mesophilic conditions.•Understand the potential of human excreta for domestic power generating systems.•26.8kWh power is generated using biogas of 0.35m3/kg from waste of 35kg.•Continuous feeding produces 0.7m3/kg biogas and generates 60kWh power. This study presents the energetic performance of the biomass to produce power for micro scale domestic usage. Human excreta are chosen as the subject of the study to investigate their potential to produce biogas under ambient conditions. Furthermore, the research examines the approaches by which biogas production can be enhanced and purified, leading to a high-power generation system. The experimental work focuses on the design and fabrication of a biogas digester with a reverse solar reflector, water scrubbing tower, and a dryer. Anaerobic digestion has been considered as the decomposition method using solar energy which is a heat providing source. Specifically, two types of experiments have been performed, namely, feces to water weight proportion and continuous feeding experiments, each involving a set of six samples. The effect of parameters such as pH, ambient temperature, and biogas upgradation reveals that volume of biogas and power generation can be best obtained when an 8:2 feces to water weight sample is employed and when the feeding is applied every fifth day. In addition, this study discusses the environmental prospects of the biogas technology, which is achieved by using the water purification method to improve the methane percentage to 85% and remove undesired gases. The motivation behind this work is to understand the potential of human excreta for the development of domestic power generating systems. The results obtained reveal that 0.35m3/kg of biogas is produced with 8:2 weight proportion sample, which generates 26.8kWh power from 35kg of waste. On the other hand, continuous feeding on the fifth day produces 0.7m3/kg biogas and generates 60kWh power.
AbstractList •Power generation from human excreta has been studied under ambient conditions.•Biogas increases with solid wastes and continuous feeding at mesophilic conditions.•Understand the potential of human excreta for domestic power generating systems.•26.8kWh power is generated using biogas of 0.35m3/kg from waste of 35kg.•Continuous feeding produces 0.7m3/kg biogas and generates 60kWh power. This study presents the energetic performance of the biomass to produce power for micro scale domestic usage. Human excreta are chosen as the subject of the study to investigate their potential to produce biogas under ambient conditions. Furthermore, the research examines the approaches by which biogas production can be enhanced and purified, leading to a high-power generation system. The experimental work focuses on the design and fabrication of a biogas digester with a reverse solar reflector, water scrubbing tower, and a dryer. Anaerobic digestion has been considered as the decomposition method using solar energy which is a heat providing source. Specifically, two types of experiments have been performed, namely, feces to water weight proportion and continuous feeding experiments, each involving a set of six samples. The effect of parameters such as pH, ambient temperature, and biogas upgradation reveals that volume of biogas and power generation can be best obtained when an 8:2 feces to water weight sample is employed and when the feeding is applied every fifth day. In addition, this study discusses the environmental prospects of the biogas technology, which is achieved by using the water purification method to improve the methane percentage to 85% and remove undesired gases. The motivation behind this work is to understand the potential of human excreta for the development of domestic power generating systems. The results obtained reveal that 0.35m3/kg of biogas is produced with 8:2 weight proportion sample, which generates 26.8kWh power from 35kg of waste. On the other hand, continuous feeding on the fifth day produces 0.7m3/kg biogas and generates 60kWh power.
This study presents the energetic performance of the biomass to produce power for micro scale domestic usage. Human excreta are chosen as the subject of the study to investigate their potential to produce biogas under ambient conditions. Furthermore, the research examines the approaches by which biogas production can be enhanced and purified, leading to a high-power generation system. The experimental work focuses on the design and fabrication of a biogas digester with a reverse solar reflector, water scrubbing tower, and a dryer. Anaerobic digestion has been considered as the decomposition method using solar energy which is a heat providing source. Specifically, two types of experiments have been performed, namely, feces to water weight proportion and continuous feeding experiments, each involving a set of six samples. The effect of parameters such as pH, ambient temperature, and biogas upgradation reveals that volume of biogas and power generation can be best obtained when an 8:2 feces to water weight sample is employed and when the feeding is applied every fifth day. In addition, this study discusses the environmental prospects of the biogas technology, which is achieved by using the water purification method to improve the methane percentage to 85% and remove undesired gases. The motivation behind this work is to understand the potential of human excreta for the development of domestic power generating systems. The results obtained reveal that 0.35 m3/kg of biogas is produced with 8:2 weight proportion sample, which generates 26.8 kW h power from 35 kg of waste. On the other hand, continuous feeding on the fifth day produces 0.7 m3/kg biogas and generates 60 kW h power.
This study presents the energetic performance of the biomass to produce power for micro scale domestic usage. Human excreta are chosen as the subject of the study to investigate their potential to produce biogas under ambient conditions. Furthermore, the research examines the approaches by which biogas production can be enhanced and purified, leading to a high-power generation system. The experimental work focuses on the design and fabrication of a biogas digester with a reverse solar reflector, water scrubbing tower, and a dryer. Anaerobic digestion has been considered as the decomposition method using solar energy which is a heat providing source. Specifically, two types of experiments have been performed, namely, feces to water weight proportion and continuous feeding experiments, each involving a set of six samples. The effect of parameters such as pH, ambient temperature, and biogas upgradation reveals that volume of biogas and power generation can be best obtained when an 8:2 feces to water weight sample is employed and when the feeding is applied every fifth day. In addition, this study discusses the environmental prospects of the biogas technology, which is achieved by using the water purification method to improve the methane percentage to 85% and remove undesired gases. The motivation behind this work is to understand the potential of human excreta for the development of domestic power generating systems. The results obtained reveal that 0.35m³/kg of biogas is produced with 8:2 weight proportion sample, which generates 26.8kWh power from 35kg of waste. On the other hand, continuous feeding on the fifth day produces 0.7m³/kg biogas and generates 60kWh power.
Author Kim, Man-Hoe
Mudasar, Roshaan
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Keywords Human excreta
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Snippet •Power generation from human excreta has been studied under ambient conditions.•Biogas increases with solid wastes and continuous feeding at mesophilic...
This study presents the energetic performance of the biomass to produce power for micro scale domestic usage. Human excreta are chosen as the subject of the...
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SubjectTerms Ambient temperature
Anaerobic digestion
Biogas
Biomass
Electricity generation
Energy consumption
Fabrication
Feces
Feeding
gases
heat
Human excreta
humans
methane
Motivation
Power generation
Purification
purification methods
Solar energy
Washing
wastes
Water purification
Water scrubbing
Title Experimental study of power generation utilizing human excreta
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2017.05.052
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https://www.proquest.com/docview/2131866005
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