Experimental study of power generation utilizing human excreta

• Published in: Energy conversion and management Vol. 147; pp. 86 - 99
• Main Authors: Mudasar, Roshaan, Kim, Man-Hoe
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01.09.2017; Elsevier Science Ltd
• Subjects: Ambient temperature; Anaerobic digestion; Biogas; Biomass; Electricity generation; Energy consumption; Fabrication; Feces; Feeding; gases; heat; Human excreta; humans; methane; Motivation; Power generation; Purification; purification methods; Solar energy; Washing; wastes; Water purification; Water scrubbing; Human excreta; Biogas; Power generation; Water scrubbing; Solar energy
• ISSN: 0196-8904; 1879-2227
• DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2017.05.052

•Power generation from human excreta has been studied under ambient conditions.•Biogas increases with solid wastes and continuous feeding at mesophilic conditions.•Understand the potential of human excreta for domestic power generating systems.•26.8kWh power is generated using biogas of 0.35m3/kg from waste of 35kg.•Continuous feeding produces 0.7m3/kg biogas and generates 60kWh power. This study presents the energetic performance of the biomass to produce power for micro scale domestic usage. Human excreta are chosen as the subject of the study to investigate their potential to produce biogas under ambient conditions. Furthermore, the research examines the approaches by which biogas production can be enhanced and purified, leading to a high-power generation system. The experimental work focuses on the design and fabrication of a biogas digester with a reverse solar reflector, water scrubbing tower, and a dryer. Anaerobic digestion has been considered as the decomposition method using solar energy which is a heat providing source. Specifically, two types of experiments have been performed, namely, feces to water weight proportion and continuous feeding experiments, each involving a set of six samples. The effect of parameters such as pH, ambient temperature, and biogas upgradation reveals that volume of biogas and power generation can be best obtained when an 8:2 feces to water weight sample is employed and when the feeding is applied every fifth day. In addition, this study discusses the environmental prospects of the biogas technology, which is achieved by using the water purification method to improve the methane percentage to 85% and remove undesired gases. The motivation behind this work is to understand the potential of human excreta for the development of domestic power generating systems. The results obtained reveal that 0.35m3/kg of biogas is produced with 8:2 weight proportion sample, which generates 26.8kWh power from 35kg of waste. On the other hand, continuous feeding on the fifth day produces 0.7m3/kg biogas and generates 60kWh power.