Phosphorus and phosphide nanomaterials for sodium-ion batteries

• Published in: Nano research Vol. 10; no. 12; pp. 4055 - 4081
• Main Authors: Xia, Qingbing, Li, Weijie, Miao, Zongcheng, Chou, Shulei, Liu, Huakun
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Beijing Tsinghua University Press 01.12.2017
• Subjects: Anode effect; Atomic/Molecular Structure and Spectra; Biomedicine; Biotechnology; Chemistry and Materials Science; Condensed Matter Physics; Cost effectiveness; Critical components; Electrochemical analysis; Electrochemistry; Electrode materials; Energy storage; Geographical distribution; Gravimetry; Materials Science; Nanomaterials; Nanostructure; Nanotechnology; Phosphides; Phosphorus; Rechargeable batteries; Review Article; Sodium; Sodium-ion batteries; Storage batteries; anodes; nanostructure; phosphides; sodium-ion batteries; phosphorus
• ISSN: 1998-0124; 1998-0000
• DOI: 10.1007/s12274-017-1671-7

Sodium-ion batteries have received remarkable attention as next-generation high-performance electrochemical energy storage devices because of their cost effectiveness and the broad geographical distribution of sodium. As a critical component of sodium-ion batteries, anode materials, especially nanostructured anodes, have a significant effect on the electrochemical performance of sodium-ion batteries. Recent research indicates that phosphorus and metal phosphides show great promise as anode candidates for sodium-ion batteries because of their low cost and relatively high theoretical gravimetric and volumetric specific capacities. In this review, we systematically summarize recent research progress on state-of-the-art nanostructured phosphorus and phosphides, including the synthetic strategies, Na-storage mechanisms, and the relationship between the nanostructure and electrochemical performance. Moreover, we present an overview of future challenges and opportunities based on current developments.