Recognition of a linear source contamination based on a mixed-integer stacked chaos gate recurrent unit neural network–hybrid sparrow search algorithm

• Published in: Environmental science and pollution research international Vol. 29; no. 22; pp. 33528 - 33543
• Main Authors: Pan, Zidong, Lu, Wenxi, wang, Han, Bai, Yukun
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.05.2022; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Algorithms; Aquatic Pollution; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Computer applications; Computer Simulation; Contamination; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecotoxicology; Environment; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Health; Environmental science; Feature recognition; Groundwater; groundwater contamination; Groundwater pollution; hybrids; Integer programming; Mapping; Mixed integer; Model accuracy; Mutation; Neural networks; Neural Networks, Computer; Optimization; Passeriformes; Research Article; Search algorithms; Simulation; simulation models; time series analysis; Waste Water Technology; Water Management; Water Pollution Control; Linear groundwater source recognition; Simulation–optimization; Mixed-integer programming; Stacked chaos gate recurrent unit; Hybrid sparrow search algorithm
• ISSN: 0944-1344; 1614-7499; 1614-7499
• DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18538-y

Groundwater contamination source recognition involves the recovery of contamination source time series release histories from observation data. In the present study, a linear source contamination recognition task was addressed. When using a simulation–optimization inverse framework to solve the recognition task, high calculated expense and high dimensional search space always hinder the task efficiency. Moreover, traditional surrogate methods face obstacle of handling with time-sequence data. Therefore, a novel stacked chaos gate recurrent unit (SCGRU) neural network was proposed as a surrogate model to precisely emulate the sequence to sequence mapping relationship of a high computational running simulation model. To address the challenge of high dimensional search, a mixed-integer programming strategy was employed to reduce the dimension of unknown variables. Furthermore, a hybrid sparrow search algorithm (HSSA) was implemented to alleviate being trapped into local optimum. In particular, the proposed SCGRU-HSSA framework was utilized to determine the length and release intensities during the stress period of a linear source. Based on the results obtained, the following conclusions were derived: (1) SCGRU can replace the origin simulation model with high accuracy and fast running speed; (2) when using chaos sine mapping and a Cauchy mutation strategy, the SSA escaped from the local optimum, improving the search efficiency of the recognition task; and (3) SCGRU-HSSA methodology is stable and reliable in recognizing features of linear source contamination.