Long Non-coding RNA ANRIL in Gene Regulation and Its Duality in Atherosclerosis

• Published in: Current medical science Vol. 37; no. 6; pp. 816 - 822
• Main Author: 池洁珊;李鉴洲;贾静静;张婷;刘小马;易黎
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Wuhan Huazhong University of Science and Technology 01.12.2017; Shantou University Medical College,Shantou 515041,China%Department of Neurology,Peking University Shenzhen Hospital,Shenzhen 518000,China; Department of Neurology,Peking University Shenzhen Hospital,Shenzhen 518000,China
• Subjects: Alternative Splicing; Alu Elements; Atherosclerosis - genetics; Atherosclerosis - metabolism; Atherosclerosis - pathology; CCCTC-Binding Factor - genetics; CCCTC-Binding Factor - metabolism; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p15 - genetics; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p15 - metabolism; E2F1 Transcription Factor - genetics; E2F1 Transcription Factor - metabolism; Epigenesis, Genetic; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 - genetics; Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 - metabolism; Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 - genetics; Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 - metabolism; Promoter Regions, Genetic; RNA, Long Noncoding - genetics; RNA, Long Noncoding - metabolism; RNA, Messenger - genetics; RNA, Messenger - metabolism; Signal Transduction; atherosclerosis; gene regulation; duality; ANRIL
• ISSN: 1672-0733; 2096-5230; 1993-1352; 1993-1352; 2523-899X
• DOI: 10.1007/s11596-017-1812-y

The antisense transcript long non-coding RNA（lnc RNA）（antisense non-coding RNA in the INK4 locus, ANRIL） is an antisense of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2 B（CDKN2B） gene on chromosome 9 p21 that contains an overlapping 299-bp region and shares a bidirectional promoter with alternate open reading frame（ARF）. In the context of gene regulation, ANRIL is responsible for directly recruiting polycomb group（Pc G） proteins, including polycomb repressive complex-1（PRC-1） and polycomb repressive complex-2（PRC-2）, to modify the epigenetic chromatin state and subsequently inhibit gene expression in cis-regulation. On the other hand, previous reports have indicated that ANRIL is capable of binding to a specific site or sequence, including the Alu element, E2 F transcription factor 1（E2F1）, and CCCTC-binding factor（CTCF）, to achieve trans-regulation functions. In addition to its function in cell proliferation, adhesion and apoptosis, ANRIL is very closely associated with atherosclerosis-related diseases. The different transcripts and the SNPs that are related to atherosclerotic vascular diseases（ASVD-SNPs） are inextricably linked to the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Linear transcripts have been shown to be a risk factor for atherosclerosis, whereas circular transcripts are protective against atherosclerosis. Furthermore, ANRIL also acts as a component of the inflammatory pathway involved in the regulation of inflammation, which is considered to be one of the causes of atherosclerosis. Collectively, ANRIL plays an important role in the formation of atherosclerosis, and the artificial modification of ANRIL transcripts should be considered following the development of this disease.