Candida die-off: Adverse effect and neutralization with phytotherapy approaches

• Published in: Toxicon (Oxford) Vol. 237; p. 107555
• Main Authors: Jaiswal, Neha, Kumar, Awanish
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.01.2024
• Subjects: adverse effects; blood flow; Candida albicans; Candida die-off; Candidiasis; die-off; domain; endotoxins; liver; neutralization; Noxious; Phytotherapy; species; toxicity; Toxins; Candidiasis; Toxins; Phytotherapy; Candida die-off; Noxious
• ISSN: 0041-0101; 1879-3150; 1879-3150
• DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107555

Candida albicans is the main species that causes 3rd most common bloodstream infection candidiasis in hospitalization. Once it has been diagnosed and treated with antifungal medications accurately, large amounts of Candida cells are killed off rapidly known as Candida die-off or Jarisch-Herxheimer reactions. When Candida cells are killed off quickly, a large no. of toxic substances are released simultaneously. This flood of endotoxins is noxious (harmful) and causes the kidneys and liver to work overtime to try and remove them which causes worsening of symptoms in patients. As a complementary and holistic approach to addressing Candida die-off and its associated symptoms, plant-based remedies i.e., phytotherapy have been gaining increased attention. In this review paper, we have discussed major factors involved in provoking Candida die-off, their management by phytotherapy, challenges associated with the toxic effects due to die-off, and neutralization of Candida die-off through phytotherapy to manage this problem and challenges. In conclusion, this article serves as a meticulous compilation of knowledge on the intriguing subject of Candida die-off, presenting a distinct and informative perspective that has the potential to pave the way for new insights in the realm of plant-based antifungal therapeutics. [Display omitted] •Candida albicans causes common bloodstream infections in hospitalized persons.•After treatment, Candida cells are killed rapidly known as Candida die-off.•Candida die-off can result in noxious effects which may adversely affect individuals.•Phytotherapy could be an effective means of alleviating the symptoms of candida die-off.•The article spotlighted some potent natural compounds that could be effective during candida die-off.