Neuroprotective effects of mango cv. ‘Ataulfo’ peel and pulp against oxidative stress in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats

• Published in: Journal of the science of food and agriculture Vol. 101; no. 2; pp. 497 - 504
• Main Authors: Cázares‐Camacho, Rosario, Domínguez‐Avila, J Abraham, Astiazarán‐García, Humberto, Montiel‐Herrera, Marcelino, González‐Aguilar, Gustavo A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chichester, UK John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 30.01.2021; John Wiley and Sons, Limited
• Subjects: agriculture; Animals; Antioxidants; Bioactive compounds; Biomarkers; Blood glucose; Blood Glucose - metabolism; blood serum; Body weight loss; Brain; Brain damage; Brain injury; byproducts; Cerebellum; Cerebellum - drug effects; Cerebellum - metabolism; Cortex; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus - drug therapy; Diabetes Mellitus - genetics; Diabetes Mellitus - metabolism; Diet; Enzymatic activity; Enzyme activity; Fruit - chemistry; Gene expression; Glutathione; Glutathione - metabolism; Glutathione transferase; Glutathione Transferase - genetics; Glutathione Transferase - metabolism; Humans; Lipid peroxidation; Lipid Peroxidation - drug effects; Lipids; Male; males; Mangifera - chemistry; Mangoes; Neuroprotection; Neuroprotective Agents - administration & dosage; overeating; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Pathogenesis; Peroxidation; Plant Extracts - administration & dosage; Pulp; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Rodents; Streptozocin; Superoxide dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase - genetics; Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism; Weight loss; byproducts; diabetes; neuroprotection; oxidative stress
• ISSN: 0022-5142; 1097-0010; 1097-0010
• DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10658

BACKGROUND Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of diabetes mellitus. Both can damage the brain. Mango and its by‐products are sources of bioactive compounds with antioxidant properties. We hypothesized that mango cv. ‘Ataulfo’ peel and pulp mitigate oxidative stress in the brain of streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats. RESULTS Twenty‐four male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control, untreated diabetic (UD), diabetic treated with a mango‐supplemented diet (MTD), and diabetic pretreated with a mango‐supplemented diet (MPD). The rats were fed the different diets for 4 weeks after diabetes induction (MTD), or 2 weeks before and 4 weeks after induction (MPD). After the intervention, serum and brain (cerebellum and cortex) were collected to evaluate gene expression, enzyme activity, and redox biomarkers. Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) expression increased in the cortex of the MTD group, whereas glutathione‐S‐transferase p1 (GSTp1) expression was higher in the cortex of the MTD group, and cortex and cerebellum of the MPD group. SOD1 activity was higher in the cerebellum and cortex of all diabetic groups, whereas GST activity increased in the cerebellum and cortex of the MPD group. Lipid peroxidation increased in the cerebellum and cortex of the UD group; however, a mango‐supplemented diet prevented this increase in both regions, while also mitigating polyphagia and weight loss, and maintaining stable glycemia in diabetic rats. CONCLUSION We propose that mango exerts potent neuroprotective properties against diabetes‐induced oxidative stress. It can be an alternative to prevent and treat biochemical alterations caused by diabetes. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry