Chios gum mastic enhance the proliferation and odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells

• Published in: The Korean journal of physiology & pharmacology Vol. 28; no. 5; pp. 423 - 433
• Main Authors: Baek, Hyun-Su, Park, Se-Jin, Lee, Eun-Gyung, Kim, Yong-Il, Kim, In-Ryoung
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Korea (South) The Korean Physiological Society and The Korean Society of Pharmacology 01.09.2024; 대한약리학회
• Subjects: Original; 약리학; Cell proliferation; Chios gum mastic; Dental pulp stem cells; Odontogenic differentiation
• ISSN: 1226-4512; 2093-3827
• DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2024.28.5.423

Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are a type of adult stem cell present in the dental pulp tissue. They possess a higher proliferative capacity than bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Their ease of collection from patients makes them well-suited for tissue engineering applications, such as tooth and nerve regeneration. Chios gum mastic (CGM), a resin extracted from the stems and leaves of var. , has garnered attention for its potential in tissue regeneration. This study aims to confirm alterations in cell proliferation rates and induce differentiation in human DPSCs (hDPSCs) through CGM treatment, a substance known for effectively promoting odontogenic differentiation. Administration of CGM to hDPSC cells was followed by an assessment of cell survival, proliferation, and odontogenic differentiation through protein and gene analysis. The study revealed that hDPSCs exhibited low sensitivity to CGM toxicity. CGM treatment induced cell proliferation by activating cell-cycle proteins through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Additionally, the study demonstrated that CGM enhances alkaline phosphatase activation by upregulating the expression of collagen type I, a representative matrix protein of dentin. This activation of markers associated with odontogenic and bone differentiation ultimately facilitated the mineralization of hDPSCs. This study concludes that CGM, as a natural substance, fosters the cell cycle and cell proliferation in hDPSCs. Furthermore, it triggers the transcription of odontogenic and osteogenic markers, thereby facilitating odontogenic differentiation.