Deep transfer learning based feature fusion model with Bonobo optimization algorithm for enhanced brain tumor segmentation and classification through biomedical imaging

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 15; no. 1; pp. 34030 - 22
• Main Authors: Gurunathan, Pradeep, Srinivasan, Preethi Saroj, S, Ravimaran
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 30.09.2025; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 631/67; 692/699; Accuracy; Algorithms; Artificial intelligence; Biomedical imaging; Bonobo optimization algorithm; Brain cancer; Brain Neoplasms - classification; Brain Neoplasms - diagnostic imaging; Brain tumor segmentation; Brain tumors; Classification; Computed tomography; Deep Learning; Diagnosis; Efficiency; Feature model fusion; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; Identification; Image Pre-processing; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted - methods; Life expectancy; Life span; Magnetic resonance imaging; Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods; multidisciplinary; Neuroimaging; Noninvasive evaluation; Optimization techniques; Quality of life; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Segmentation; Tomography, X-Ray Computed - methods; Transfer learning; Wavelet transforms; Brain tumor segmentation; Feature model fusion; Image Pre-processing; Bonobo optimization algorithm; Biomedical imaging
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-12973-w

The brain tumour (BT) is an aggressive disease among others, which leads to a very short life expectancy. Therefore, early and prompt treatment is the main stage in enhancing patients’ quality of life. Biomedical imaging permits the non-invasive evaluation of diseases, depending upon visual assessments that lead to better medical outcome expectations and therapeutic planning. Numerous image techniques like computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), etc., are employed for evaluating cancer in the brain. The detection, segmentation and extraction of diseased tumour regions from biomedical images are a primary concern, but are tiresome and time-consuming tasks done by clinical specialists, and their outcome depends on their experience only. Therefore, the use of computer-aided technologies is essential to overcoming these limitations. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) models have been very effective in enhancing performance and improving the method of medical image diagnosis. This paper proposes an Enhanced Brain Tumour Segmentation through Biomedical Imaging and Feature Model Fusion with Bonobo Optimiser (EBTS-BIFMFBO) model. The main intention of the EBTS-BIFMFBO model relies on enhancing the segmentation and classification model of BTs utilizing advanced models. Initially, the EBTS-BIFMFBO technique follows bilateral filter (BF)-based noise elimination and CLAHE-based contrast enhancement. Furthermore, the proposed EBTS-BIFMFBO model involves a segmentation process by the DeepLabV3 + model to identify tumour regions for accurate diagnosis. Moreover, the fusion models such as InceptionResNetV2, MobileNet, and DenseNet201 are employed for the feature extraction. Additionally, the convolutional sparse autoencoder (CSAE) method is implemented for the classification process of BT. Finally, the hyper-parameter selection of CSAE is performed by the bonobo optimizer (BO) method. A vast experiment is conducted to highlight the performance of the EBTS-BIFMFBO approach under the Figshare BT dataset. The comparison results of the EBTS-BIFMFBO approach portrayed a superior accuracy value of 99.16% over existing models.