The effect of high‐dose vitamin D supplementation on muscular function and quality of life in postmenopausal women—A randomized controlled trial

• Published in: Clinical endocrinology (Oxford) Vol. 87; no. 1; pp. 20 - 28
• Main Authors: Grimnes, G., Emaus, N., Cashman, K.D., Jorde, R.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.07.2017
• Subjects: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D; 7-Dehydrocholesterol reductase; Bone Diseases, Metabolic - drug therapy; Calcium; Dietary Supplements; Enzymes; Female; Humans; Knee; Middle Aged; Muscle strength; Muscle Strength - drug effects; Osteopenia; Osteoporosis; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - drug therapy; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors - genetics; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Post-menopause; Postmenopause - blood; Postural Balance - drug effects; Quality of Life; randomized controlled trial; single nucleotide polymorphisms; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Supplements; Treatment Outcome; Vitamin D; Vitamin D - administration & dosage; Vitamin D - pharmacology; Vitamin D3; muscle strength; quality of life; single nucleotide polymorphisms; vitamin D; randomized controlled trial
• ISSN: 0300-0664; 1365-2265; 1365-2265
• DOI: 10.1111/cen.13353

Summary Objective Observational studies have suggested positive associations between serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and muscular strength, balance and quality of life. Our aim was to examine whether high‐dose vitamin D supplementation would improve these measures as compared to standard‐dose vitamin D, as well as the possible muscular effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding vitamin D‐related enzymes. Design A 12‐month randomized, double‐blind, controlled trial where the participants received daily elemental calcium (1000 mg) plus vitamin D3 (800 IU). In addition, the participants were randomized to receive either capsules with vitamin D3 (20 000 IU) or matching placebos to be taken twice a week. Patients A total of 297 postmenopausal women with osteopenia or osteoporosis. Measurements Muscle strength (handgrip and knee extensor strength), balance (tandem test) and quality of life (EQ‐5D) were measured at baseline and after 12 months. The subjects were genotyped for SNPs related to vitamin D metabolism. Results Of the 297 included women, 275 completed the study. Mean serum 25(OH)D levels dramatically increased in the high‐dose group (from 64.7 to 164.1 nmol/L; P<.01), while a more moderate increased was observed in the standard‐dose group (from 64.1 to 81.8 nmol/L; P<.01). There was no significant difference between the groups in change in muscular strength, balance or quality of life over the intervention period. Polymorphisms in rs3829251 (located in the 7‐dehydrocholesterol reductase gene) were associated with muscle strength and treatment effects. Conclusion One‐year treatment with high‐dose vitamin D had no effect on muscular strength, balance or quality of life in postmenopausal women with osteopenia or osteoporosis as compared to standard dose. The association between rs3829251 and muscle strength needs confirmation in other populations.