Risk factors associated with xerostomia and reduced salivary flow in hypertensive patients

• Published in: Oral diseases Vol. 29; no. 3; pp. 1299 - 1311
• Main Authors: Ramírez, Lucía, Sánchez, Isabel, Muñoz, Marta, Martínez–Acitores, María Luisa, Garrido, Estela, Hernández, Gonzalo, López‐Pintor, Rosa María
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Denmark Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.04.2023
• Subjects: Adrenergic receptors; Amiodarone; Analgesics; Angiotensin; Angiotensin II; Arthritis; Blood pressure; comorbidities; Comorbidity; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diazepam; diseases; Diuretics; drugs; Epidemiology; Epilepsy; Glucosamine; Hepatitis C; Hernia; Hernia, Diaphragmatic - complications; Hernias; Humans; Hypertension; Osteoarthritis; Paracetamol; Parasitic diseases; Platelet aggregation; Risk Factors; Saliva; salivary flow; Thiazides; Xerostomia; Xerostomia - complications; Hypertension; diseases; xerostomia; comorbidities; drugs; salivary flow
• ISSN: 1354-523X; 1601-0825; 1601-0825
• DOI: 10.1111/odi.14090

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with xerostomia and hyposalivation in a group of hypertensive patients. Subjects and Methods A cross‐sectional study was conducted. Hypertensive patients belonged to two healthcare centers were included. Xerostomia was assessed by asking a question and using the Xerostomia Inventory. Unstimulated salivary flow was collected. Different epidemiological variables were analyzed such as age, sex, habits, diseases, drugs, and blood pressure. Results 221 individuals were included. Xerostomia was reported in 51.13% of patients. Patients with xerostomia suffered more from osteoarthritis and diaphragmatic hernia. These patients took more anticoagulants (acenocoumarol), antiarrhythmics (amiodarone), analgesics (paracetamol) and epilepsy drugs (pregabalin) and less platelet aggregation inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers (losartan). Unstimulated flow was reduced in 37.56% of patients. Patients suffering hyposalivation presented more diseases such as anxiety, infectious or parasitic diseases, hepatitis C, diaphragmatic hernia, and osteoarthritis. These patients took more repaglinide, thiazides, anti‐inflammatories, anti‐rheumatics, glucosamine, diazepam, and selective beta‐2‐adrenoreceptor agonists and less combinations of candesartan and diuretics. Conclusions Xerostomia and hyposalivation are frequent in hypertensive patients. It is advisable to take into consideration the comorbidities and the drugs they receive, since they can increase the risk of these salivary disorders.