Impact of left atrial appendage location on risk of thrombus formation in patients with atrial fibrillation

• Published in: Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology Vol. 20; no. 4; pp. 1431 - 1443
• Main Authors: Fang, Runxin, Li, Yang, Zhang, Yanjuan, Chen, Qiang, Liu, Quanjun, Li, Zhiyong
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.08.2021; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Atria; Atrial Appendage - physiopathology; Atrial Fibrillation - physiopathology; Biological and Medical Physics; Biomechanical Phenomena; Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering; Biophysics; Blood clots; Blood Flow Velocity; Cardiac arrhythmia; Contraction; Engineering; Evaluation; Fibrillation; Flow velocity; Fluid-structure interaction; Hemodynamics; Humans; Models, Cardiovascular; Original Paper; Risk; Risk assessment; Silicones; Stroke - physiopathology; Theoretical and Applied Mechanics; Thrombosis; Thrombosis - physiopathology; Velocity distribution; Thrombus formation; Fluid–structure interaction; Left atrial appendage; Hemodynamics; Atrial fibrillation
• ISSN: 1617-7959; 1617-7940; 1617-7940
• DOI: 10.1007/s10237-021-01454-4

Most strokes in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are thought to arise from thrombus formation in the left atrial appendage (LAA). Assessing the hemodynamics in LAA and left atrium (LA) may provide some insights in the evaluation of the risk of thrombus formation. This study aims to find out the impact of different LAA locations with respect of LA on the risk of thrombus formation within LAA in patients with AF. Three different LAA locations at LA were modeled and a fully coupled fluid–structure interaction analysis was performed. A discrete phase method was used for particle residence analysis to evaluate risk of the thrombus formation. The results showed that LAA positions on the LA affected the LAA flow velocity distribution, passive contraction ability, and particle residence. In particular, the left pulmonary veins (PVs) had a greater influence on the LAA hemodynamics than the right PVs. The LAA had the lowest contractibility when it was located between left superior and left inferior PVs, and in this case, a larger number of particles were resided, which indicated a higher risk of thrombus formation. The present work provides a quantitative way to evaluate the risk of thrombus formation within LAA in patients with AF.