Differential oral and gut microbial structure related to systemic metabolism in kidney stone patients

• Published in: World journal of urology Vol. 42; no. 1; p. 6
• Main Authors: Xu, Zi-Jie, Chen, Lei, Tang, Qi-Lin, Li, Deng, He, Chu-Jiang, Xu, Chao-Liang, Chen, Fei-Teng, Shao, Yi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 03.01.2024; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Amino acids; Calcium oxalate; Case-Control Studies; Correlation analysis; Feces; Gastrointestinal Microbiome - genetics; Humans; Intestinal microflora; Kidney Calculi - urine; Kidney stones; Kidneys; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Metabolism; Metabolites; Metabolomics; Microbiomes; Microbiota; Microorganisms; Middle Aged; Nephrolithiasis; Nephrology; Oncology; Original Article; Prediction models; Relative abundance; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics; rRNA 16S; Saliva; Uric Acid; Urology; Water intake; Young Adult; 16S rRNA; Oral and gut microbiota; Renal uric acid stone; Untargeted metabolomics
• ISSN: 1433-8726; 0724-4983; 1433-8726
• DOI: 10.1007/s00345-023-04712-5

Objectives To investigate the role of the oral and gut microbiome related to systemic metabolism and clinical parameters in various types of kidney stone disease. Patients and methods We conducted a case–control study by analyzing 16S rRNA and untargeted metabolomics profiling of 76 fecal, 68 saliva, 73 urine, and 43 serum samples from 76 participants aged 18–75 years old. The participants included 15 patients with uric acid stones, 41 patients with calcium oxalate stones, and 20 healthy controls. Correlations among microbiome, metabolism, and clinical parameters were identified through Spearman’s correlation analysis. (Clinical trial No. ChiCTR2200055316). Results Patients with uric acid stones exhibited reduced richness and diversity in their microbiome, as well as altered composition in both oral and gut microbiome. Furthermore, their fecal samples showed lower relative abundances of Bacteroides and Lachnospiraceae , while their saliva samples showed higher relative abundances of Porphyromonas and Neisseria . Predicted KEGG metabolism pathways, including amino acid and fatty acid metabolisms, were significantly altered in subjects with uric acid stones. Oral, gut microbiota, and metabolism were also associated with low water intake and urine pH. The area under the curve (AUC) of the specific microbiota and metabolite prediction models was over 0.85. Conclusion The structure and composition of the oral and gut microbiome in different types of kidney stone disease, the correlations between oral and gut microbiome, and the associations among oral and gut microbiota, systemic metabolism and clinical parameters imply an important role that the oral and gut microbiome may play in kidney stone disease.