A Python-Based Indoor Channel Model with Multi-Wavelength Propagation for Color Shift Keying

• Published in: Photonics Vol. 11; no. 10; p. 988
• Main Authors: Gutiérrez, Juan F., Sandoval, Diego, Quintero, Jesus M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01.10.2024
• Subjects: Analysis; Art galleries & museums; Color; color shift keying; Color temperature; Communication; Communications equipment; Data transmission; Errors; Fixtures; Illuminance; Illumination; indoor channel model; Indoor environments; Keying; Light; Light emitting diodes; Light sources; lighting quality; Lighting systems; Modulation; Photometers; Propagation; recursive algorithm; Rendering; Spectral emittance; Spectrum allocation; Temperature requirements; Wave division multiplexing; Wavelength; United States
• ISSN: 2304-6732; 2304-6732
• DOI: 10.3390/photonics11100988

Color shift keying is a modulation scheme for visible light communication that uses fixtures with three or more narrow-spectral light-emitting diodes to transmit data while fulfilling the primary function of illumination. When this modulation is used indoors, the reflectivity of the walls strongly affects the inter-channel interference and illumination quality. In this paper we present an indoor channel model that takes into account multi-wavelength propagation. This model is available as an open-source Python package. The model calculates the inter-channel interference, illuminance, correlated color temperature, and color rendering index at the receiver position. The Python package includes a module for estimating the symbol error rate. To validate the model, we computed the received power at each color photodetector for four different indoor scenarios. The model demonstrated a color rendering index of less than 15 when using IEEE-based color shift keying and non-uniform illumination on a horizontal plane. The simulation determined the required luminous flux to achieve a symbol error rate of less than 10−5 when the photodetector is at the center of the indoor space and vertically below the light source. To maintain a symbol error rate less than 10−5, the luminous flux increases when the photodetector is displaced in a diagonal direction from the center of the plane.