An Exposure Meter of Lijiang Fiber-fed High-Resolution Spectrograph

• Published in: Research in astronomy and astrophysics Vol. 23; no. 11; pp. 115008 - 66
• Main Authors: Yu, Xiao-Guang, Ji, Kai-Fan, Zhang, Xi-Liang, Chang, Liang, Cai, Yun-Fang, Qin, Ying, Shang, Zhen-Hong
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Beijing National Astromonical Observatories, CAS and IOP Publishing 01.11.2023; IOP Publishing; Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming 650216,China; Yunnan Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming 650011,China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China%Yunnan Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming 650011,China; Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming 650216,China%Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China
• Subjects: Exposure; Fluctuations; High resolution; instrumentation: photometers; instrumentation: spectrographs; Optimization; Photometers; Photomultiplier tubes; Real time; Software; telescopes; Visual observation; instrumentation:spectrographs; instrumentation:photometers; telescopes
• ISSN: 1674-4527; 2397-6209
• DOI: 10.1088/1674-4527/acf543

In 2016, an exposure meter was installed on the Lijiang Fiber-fed High-Resolution Spectrograph to monitor the coupling of starlight to the science fiber during observations. Based on it, we investigated a method to estimate the exposure flux of the CCD in real time by using the counts of the photomultiplier tubes (PMT) of the exposure meter, and developed a piece of software to optimize the control of the exposure time. First, by using flat-field lamp observations, we determined that there is a linear and proportional relationship between the total counts of the PMT and the exposure flux of the CCD. Second, using historical observations of different spectral types, the corresponding relational conversion factors were determined and obtained separately. Third, the method was validated using actual observation data, which showed that all values of the coefficient of determination were greater than 0.92. Finally, software was developed to display the counts of the PMT and the estimated exposure flux of the CCD in real-time during the observation, providing a visual reference for optimizing the exposure time control.