Artificial Intelligence in Human Resources Management: Challenges and a Path Forward

• Published in: California management review Vol. 61; no. 4; pp. 15 - 42
• Main Authors: Tambe, Prasanna, Cappelli, Peter, Yakubovich, Valery
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Los Angeles, CA SAGE Publications 01.08.2019
• Subjects: Accountability; Artificial intelligence; Causality; Human resource management; Human resources management; hiring and recruitment; human capital; data analysis; information systems; human resource ethics; decision-making tools
• ISSN: 0008-1256; 2162-8564
• DOI: 10.1177/0008125619867910

There is a substantial gap between the promise and reality of artificial intelligence in human resource (HR) management. This article identifies four challenges in using data science techniques for HR tasks: complexity of HR phenomena, constraints imposed by small data sets, accountability questions associated with fairness and other ethical and legal constraints, and possible adverse employee reactions to management decisions via data-based algorithms. It then proposes practical responses to these challenges based on three overlapping principles—causal reasoning, randomization and experiments, and employee contribution—that would be both economically efficient and socially appropriate for using data science in the management of employees.