Diagnosis of steam turbine rotor based on improved convolutional neural network algorithm

• Published in: Discover Artificial Intelligence Vol. 5; no. 1; pp. 41 - 14
• Main Authors: Zhou, Zhongtao, Zhou, Miao, Huang, Hui, Li, Yanghai, Xu, Wanbing
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 01.12.2025; Springer Nature B.V; Springer
• Subjects: Accuracy; Artificial Intelligence; CNN; Computer Science; Deep learning; Engineering; Experiments; Fault diagnosis; Neural networks; Rotor systems; Turbines; Wavelet transforms; Fault diagnosis; Deep learning; CNN; Rotor systems
• ISSN: 2731-0809; 2731-0809
• DOI: 10.1007/s44163-025-00269-x

To address the challenges of insufficient precision and limited adaptability in conventional rotor fault diagnosis methods, we propose a new approach using convolutional neural networks. This aims to effectively identify complex and diverse fault patterns in a steam turbine rotor through a thorough examination and in-depth investigation. An HZXT-009 sliding ball bearing simulation rig was used to conduct fault tests such as rotor misalignment, unbalance, and touching faults. The data collected experimentally was used to perform a comprehensive analysis of the temporal and spectral signal characteristics. Use the obtained data to train and enhance the convolutional neural network fault diagnosis model. The results of the model testing accuracy can reach 99%. The generalization test is introduced to verify that the model trained by the simulation test data can detect multi-condition faults in the operation of the power plant. The network detection results show that the accuracy rate can reach 97.5%, which is expected to be widely used in actual production and improve the efficiency and accuracy of fault diagnosis of rotor system.