Real-Time Performance Analysis and Tuning of Embedded System Virtualization Architecture Based on KVM

• Published in: International journal of embedded and real-time communication systems Vol. 13; no. 1; pp. 1 - 20
• Main Authors: Mathew, Deepa, Jose, Bijoy Antony
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hershey IGI Global 01.01.2022
• Subjects: Computer architecture; Embedded systems; Linux; Real time; Supramolecular compounds; Time measurement; Tuning; Virtual environments
• ISSN: 1947-3176; 1947-3184
• DOI: 10.4018/IJERTCS.302113

Embedded systems are proceeding towards exploiting virtualization technology to have the benefits of Real-Time Operating System (RTOS) and General-Purpose Operating System (GPOS) in the same system. This combination provides both a timely and deterministic behavior and a general-purpose application codebase. There still exist concerns about the real-time responsiveness of RTOS running inside a Virtual Machine (VM). In this paper, the real-time performance of Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM) virtualization architecture is analyzed on a multi-core system. Here, a preemptible Linux kernel with the PREEMPT_RT patch is used for RTOS, while a standard Linux kernel is used for GPOS. The interrupt latency inside the real-time guest VM is analyzed by applying various amounts of CPU, memory, and I/O stresses on the guest and host systems. A VM resource monitoring tool ‘VM_stat’ is developed to know the resource usage of the guest VMs, which is useful for effectively tuning the system. Different real-time tuning measures are applied on the host/guest systems and the performance is analyzed.