A low-cost attempt to improve electrochemical performances of pitch-based hard carbon anodes in lithium-ion batteries by oxidative stabilization

• Published in: Journal of solid state electrochemistry Vol. 21; no. 2; pp. 555 - 562
• Main Authors: Zhao, Pin-Yi, Tang, Jia-Ji, Wang, Cheng-Yang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.02.2017; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Analytical Chemistry; Anodes; Anodizing; Carbon; Characterization and Evaluation of Materials; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Condensed Matter Physics; Electrochemical analysis; Electrochemistry; Energy Storage; Functional groups; Interlayers; Lithium-ion batteries; Low cost; Original Paper; Physical Chemistry; Stabilization; Pitch; Oxidative stabilization; Hard carbon; Lithium-Ion batteries
• ISSN: 1432-8488; 1433-0768
• DOI: 10.1007/s10008-016-3406-1

The electrochemical performance of low-cost, pitch-based hard carbon anodes in lithium-ion batteries is reported. Pitch-based hard carbon anodes were prepared, stabilized in air at 290 °C for 1 h after different temperature programming, and then carbonized in N 2 at 1000 °C. The optimal anode with temperature programming of 24 h had abundant oxygenic functional groups, a large interlayer space, and a stable morphology. When used as anodes in lithium-ion batteries after 100 cycles at a current density of 100 mA g −1 , the capacity was 258.6 mAh g −1 with a capacity retention ratio of 90.6 %. This large capacity combined with the superior cycling performance indicates that prolonged oxidative stabilization is an effective strategy in improving electrochemical performances of lithium-ion batteries.