Enteral iron absorption in patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa

• Published in: Pediatric dermatology Vol. 37; no. 5; pp. 817 - 820
• Main Authors: Augsburger, Bret D., Lucky, Anne W., Marathe, Kalyani, Tarango, Cristina
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.09.2020
• Subjects: Anemia; Dietary Supplements; Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa; Epidermolysis bullosa; Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica - complications; Erythrocyte sedimentation rate; Ferritin; Hemoglobin; Humans; Inflammation; Intravenous administration; Iron; Iron deficiency; Nutrient deficiency; Ostomy; Pediatrics; Receptors, Transferrin; therapy‐ systemic; Transferrins; therapy- systemic; epidermolysis bullosa
• ISSN: 0736-8046; 1525-1470; 1525-1470
• DOI: 10.1111/pde.14224

Background/Objectives To determine whether iron was being enterally absorbed in anemic patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB). Methods Anemic patients with RDEB who were refractory or had poor adherence to oral or gastrostomy‐given iron underwent enteral iron absorption challenges. Subjects were given 2 mg/kg of elemental iron. Successful iron absorption was defined as a two‐ to threefold increase of serum iron or a rise to above 100 µg/dL. Results Nine of 12 iron challenges did not show increased iron absorption. Only three of the ten subjects demonstrated elevated iron absorption. All patients had elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C‐reactive protein (CRP), low serum albumin, and hemoglobin levels. Eight challenges were in patients with elevated soluble transferrin receptor (STFR)/log ferritin levels, indicating iron deficiency. The three challenges with elevated iron absorption also had elevated STFR/log ferritin as well as elevated ESR and CRP, but these inflammatory markers were, in general, less elevated than those in non‐absorbers. Conclusions Enteral iron is routinely prescribed for anemic patients with RDEB assuming a component of iron deficiency. Adherence to enteral iron tends to be unreliable due to unpalatable taste and gastrointestinal complaints. Enteral iron absorption tests are relatively noninvasive and appear to be well tolerated. Poor gastrointestinal iron absorption may be an important factor in failure to improve anemia in RDEB enterally. It may be prudent to test patients with RDEB who are anemic and not responding well to conventional iron supplements with iron absorption tests and to consider replacement with intravenous iron in iron‐deficient patients.