Interacting with digitised historical newspapers: understanding the use of digital surrogates as primary sources

• Published in: Journal of documentation Vol. 78; no. 7; pp. 106 - 124
• Main Authors: Late, Elina, Kumpulainen, Sanna
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bradford Emerald Publishing Limited 19.12.2022; Emerald Group Publishing Limited
• Subjects: Access to information; Character Recognition; Collaboration; Collections; Culture; Data analysis; Digital archives; Digitization; Electronic newspapers; Historians; Humanities; Influence of Technology; Information Needs; Information Retrieval; Keywords; Media Literacy; Primary Sources; Public Opinion; Qualitative analysis; Qualitative research; Research Methodology; Search process; Source materials; Behaviour; Newspapers; Task based information interaction; History; Digital libraries; User studies; Task analysis
• ISSN: 0022-0418; 1758-7379
• DOI: 10.1108/JD-04-2021-0078

PurposeThe paper examines academic historians' information interactions with material from digital historical-newspaper collections as the research process unfolds.Design/methodology/approachThe study employed qualitative analysis from in-depth interviews with Finnish history scholars who use digitised historical newspapers as primary sources for their research. A model for task-based information interaction guided the collection and analysis of data.FindingsThe study revealed numerous information interactions within activities related to task-planning, the search process, selecting and working with the items and synthesis and reporting. The information interactions differ with the activities involved, which call for system support mechanisms specific to each activity type. Various activities feature information search, which is an essential research method for those using digital collections in the compilation and analysis of data. Furthermore, application of quantitative methods and multidisciplinary collaboration may be shaping culture in history research toward convergence with the research culture of the natural sciences.Originality/valueFor sustainable digital humanities infrastructure and digital collections, it is of great importance that system designers understand how the collections are accessed, why and their use in the real-world context. The study enriches understanding of the collections' utilisation and advances a theoretical framework for explicating task-based information interaction.