A Novel Technique for Non-Invasive Measurement of Human Blood Component Levels From Fingertip Video Using DNN Based Models

• Published in: IEEE access Vol. 9; pp. 19025 - 19042
• Main Authors: Haque, Md. Rezwanul, Raju, S. M. Taslim Uddin, Golap, Md. Asaf-Uddowla, Hashem, M. M. A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Piscataway IEEE 2021; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Artificial neural networks; Blood; Condition monitoring; Creatinine; deep neural networks; Feature extraction; features extraction; features selection; Fourier analysis; Genetic algorithms; Glucose; Hemoglobin; Light emitting diodes; Lighting; Monitoring; NIR LED; non-invasive technique; photoplethysmogram; Redundancy; Smartphone; Smartphones; Videos
• ISSN: 2169-3536; 2169-3536
• DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3054236

Blood components such as hemoglobin, glucose, creatinine measuring are essential for monitoring one's health condition. The current blood component measurement approaches still depend on invasive techniques that are painful, and uncomfortable for the patients. To facilitate measurement at home, we proposed a novel non-invasive technique to measure blood hemoglobin, glucose, and creatinine level based on PPG signal using Deep Neural Networks (DNN). Fingertip videos from 93 subjects have been collected using a smartphone. The PPG signal is generated from each video, and 46 characteristic features are then extracted from the PPG signal, its derivatives (1 st and 2 nd ) and from Fourier analysis. Additionally, age and gender are also included to feature because of the significant effects on hemoglobin, glucose, and creatinine. A correlation-based feature selection (CFS) using genetic algorithms (GA) has been used to select the optimal features to avoid redundancy and over-fitting. Finally, DNN based models have been developed to estimate the blood Hemoglobin (Hb), Glucose (Gl), and Creatinine (Cr) levels from the selected features. The approach provides the best-estimated accuracy of R 2 = 0.922 for Hb, R 2 = 0.902 for Gl, and R 2 = 0.969 for Cr. Experimental aftermaths show that the proposed method is a suitable technique to be used clinically to measure human blood component levels without taking blood samples. This paper also reveals that smartphone-based PPG signal has a great potential to measure the different blood components.