Anoikis-Related Genes Impact Prognosis and Tumor Microenvironment in Bladder Cancer

• Published in: Molecular biotechnology Vol. 67; no. 8; pp. 3268 - 3280
• Main Authors: Zhang, Tao, Chen, Shaojun, Qu, Shanna, Wang, Longsheng
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.08.2025; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Aged; Anoikis; Anoikis - genetics; Apoptosis; Biochemistry; Biological activity; Biological Techniques; Biomarkers, Tumor - genetics; Biotechnology; Bladder; Bladder cancer; Cancer; CD8 antigen; Cell Biology; Cell cycle; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell proliferation; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Correlation analysis; Female; Flow cytometry; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Genes; Human Genetics; Humans; Immune system; Immunological tolerance; Infiltration; Kidney cancer; Lymphocytes; Lymphocytes T; Macrophages; Male; Medical prognosis; Metastases; Metastasis; Middle Aged; Nerve growth factor; Nerve Growth Factor - genetics; Nomograms; Original Paper; Prognosis; Prostate cancer; Protein Science; Risk groups; Solid tumors; Tumor microenvironment; Tumor Microenvironment - genetics; Tumors; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - genetics; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - immunology; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - mortality; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - pathology; China; Shanghai China; Immune microenvironment; Drug response; Anoikis; Bladder cancer
• ISSN: 1073-6085; 1559-0305; 1559-0305
• DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01255-x

Anoikis tolerance is an important biological process of tumor colonization and metastasis outside the primary tumor. Recent research has progressively elucidated the function and underlying mechanisms of anoikis in the metastasis of various solid tumors. Nevertheless, the specific mechanisms of anoikis in bladder cancer and its consequent effects on the tumor immune microenvironment remain ambiguous. In this study, we developed an anoikis score based on five genes (ETV7, NGF, SCD, LAMC1, and CASP6) and categorized subjects into high and low-risk groups using the median score from the TCGA database. Our findings indicate that SCD enhances the proliferation of bladder cancer cells in vitro. Furthermore, integrating the anoikis score with clinicopathological features to construct a prognostic nomogram demonstrated precision in assessing patient outcomes. Immune cell analysis revealed elevated infiltration levels of Treg cells and M2 macrophages in the high anoikis score group, whereas CD8 + T cell levels were reduced. This study highlights the importance of anoikis score in predicting patient prognosis, immune cell infiltration, and drug response, which may provide a treatment modality worth exploring in depth for the study of bladder cancer.