A Design of Adaptive Genetic Algorithm-Based Optimized Power Amplifier for 5G Applications

• Published in: Circuits, systems, and signal processing Vol. 43; no. 1; pp. 2 - 21
• Main Authors: Delwar, Tahesin Samira, Siddique, Abrar, Aras, Unal, Ryu, Jee Youl
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.01.2024; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adaptive algorithms; Circuits; Circuits and Systems; Design optimization; Electrical Engineering; Electronics and Microelectronics; Engineering; Functions (mathematics); Genetic algorithms; High gain; Instrumentation; Mathematical analysis; Optimization; Parameters; Power amplifiers; Signal,Image and Speech Processing; Conventional genetic algorithm; Circuit optimization; 5G; Adaptive genetic algorithm; Power amplifier
• ISSN: 0278-081X; 1531-5878
• DOI: 10.1007/s00034-023-02447-7

In this paper, a novel adaptive genetic algorithm (AGA) is presented for the optimization goals. The presented AGA is discussed and implemented on a power amplifier (PA), which is designed for 24 GHz and 5G applications and fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS process. The PA is optimized by the AGA for the high power-added efficiency (PAE), i.e., optimum. In the AGA, we aimed to avoid the local optima and slow convergence rate that exist in the conventional genetic algorithm (CGA). In the AGA, we proposed a parameter tuning method to fine-tune the set of PA circuit component values for faster optimization of the PA to have a high PAE. The proposed AGA provides a significant speed in optimization process as compared to the CGA, and the execution time of the AGA is faster than that of the CGA. The proposed AGA is also verified, and its performance is compared with that of the CGA through multiple multidimensional mathematical benchmark functions. The PA performance parameters are measured, and the results showed that the optimized PA achieves a high gain of 29.9 dB. The P sat of PA is measured as 14.21 dBm, and IIP3 is 13.8 dBm. The simulated result shows the optimized PA with the AGA has PAE of 49.7%, while that with the CGA has PAE of 47.5% at 24 GHz. The final measured PAE of AGA’s optimized PA is 47.1%. The chip area of PA is 0.29 mm 2 .