A self-recovery watermarking scheme based on block truncation coding and quantum chaos map

• Published in: Multimedia tools and applications Vol. 79; no. 25-26; pp. 18695 - 18725
• Main Authors: Hemida, Omer, He, Hongjie
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.07.2020; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Algorithms; Coding; Computer Communication Networks; Computer Science; Data recovery; Data Structures and Information Theory; Digital imaging; Image classification; Image detection; Image quality; Localization; Mapping; Multimedia; Multimedia Information Systems; Security; Special Purpose and Application-Based Systems; Visibility; Watermarking; Block truncation coding; Recovery performance; Fragile watermarking; Quantum chaos
• ISSN: 1380-7501; 1573-7721
• DOI: 10.1007/s11042-020-08727-7

To take into account the invisibility, recovery quality, detection ability, and security, a new digital image fragile watermarking method based on block truncation coding (BTC) and quantum chaos map is proposed. In this method generates the authentication watermark for each 4 × 4 block and generates the recovery watermark for each 2 × 2 block by block truncation coding. For each block, the block truncation coding is used to classify the image blocks into smooth blocks and rough blocks. For different blocks, recovery data can be generated by allocating fewer bits to the smooth blocks and more bits to the rough blocks to encoding the block content. Quantum chaos map is used to generate the block mapping sequence for embedding recovery watermark to improve the shortcoming of watermarking such as small keyspace and low security. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme improves the quality of watermarked and recovered images. Additionally, this approach achieves higher security than the existing methods, under different attacks, such as general tampering, collage attack, content-only, and a hybrid attack.