A Novel Image Encryption Based on Algebraic S-box and Arnold Transform

• Published in: 3D research Vol. 8; no. 3; pp. 1 - 14
• Main Authors: Farwa, Shabieh, Muhammad, Nazeer, Shah, Tariq, Ahmad, Sohail
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Seoul 3D Display Research Center 01.09.2017; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: 3DR Express; Algebra; Algorithms; Avalanches; Boxes; Computer Imaging; Criteria; Data encryption; Encryption; Engineering; Initial conditions; Lasers; Nonlinearity; Optical Devices; Optics; Pattern Recognition and Graphics; Performance indices; Photonics; Signal,Image and Speech Processing; Vision; Image encryption; 2; S-box; Galois field; Primitive element; ); Arnold transform
• ISSN: 2092-6731; 2092-6731
• DOI: 10.1007/s13319-017-0135-x

Recent study shows that substitution box (S-box) only cannot be reliably used in image encryption techniques. We, in this paper, propose a novel and secure image encryption scheme that utilizes the combined effect of an algebraic substitution box along with the scrambling effect of the Arnold transform. The underlying algorithm involves the application of S-box, which is the most imperative source to create confusion and diffusion in the data. The speciality of the proposed algorithm lies, firstly, in the high sensitivity of our S-box to the choice of the initial conditions which makes this S-box stronger than the chaos-based S-boxes as it saves computational labour by deploying a comparatively simple and direct approach based on the algebraic structure of the multiplicative cyclic group of the Galois field. Secondly the proposed method becomes more secure by considering a combination of S-box with certain number of iterations of the Arnold transform. The strength of the S-box is examined in terms of various performance indices such as nonlinearity, strict avalanche criterion, bit independence criterion, linear and differential approximation probabilities etc. We prove through the most significant techniques used for the statistical analyses of the encrypted image that our image encryption algorithm satisfies all the necessary criteria to be usefully and reliably implemented in image encryption applications.