Hardware Acceleration of MUSIC Algorithm for Sparse Arrays and Uniform Linear Arrays

• Published in: IEEE transactions on circuits and systems. I, Regular papers Vol. 69; no. 7; pp. 2941 - 2954
• Main Authors: Li, Zeying, Wang, Weijiang, Jiang, Rongkun, Ren, Shiwei, Wang, Xiaohua, Xue, Chengbo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York IEEE 01.07.2022; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Algorithms; Arrays; Covariance matrices; Covariance matrix; Direction of arrival; Direction-of-arrival estimation; DOA estimation; Eigenvalues; Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions; Estimation; FPGA; Hardware; hardware implementation; Iterative methods; Jacobi algorithm; Jacobian matrices; Linear arrays; Lookup tables; Multiple signal classification; MUSIC algorithm; Root-mean-square errors; Signal classification; sparse arrays; Sparse matrices; uniform linear arrays
• ISSN: 1549-8328; 1558-0806
• DOI: 10.1109/TCSI.2022.3162303

Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) is a high-performance Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation algorithm, which has been widely used. The algorithm needs to calculate the covariance matrix, eigenvalue decomposition and spectral peak search. In the paper, the hardware structure of the existing Jacobi algorithm for Hermitian matrices is proposed. On this basis, a novel hardware acceleration of the MUSIC algorithm for sparse arrays and uniform linear arrays is proposed, and the sparse array is a nested array. There are two designs, Design 1 supports 1~10 nested array elements or 1~32 uniform linear array elements, distinguishes 1~32 sources, configures snapshots 1~2048, and the maximum number of iterations and iteration accuracy of the complex Jacobi algorithm. Design 2 only needs <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">101.8~\mu </tex-math></inline-formula> s to complete a DOA estimation when the number of array elements is 8, the number of sources is 1, and the snapshots is 128. In more detail, the Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of both can reach 0.03°. The logic resources on the Zynq-7000 development board are 14,761 and 28,305 Look-Up Tables (LUTs), respectively.