A Distributed Spatiotemporal Contingency Analysis for the Lebanese Power Grid

• Published in: IEEE transactions on computational social systems Vol. 6; no. 1; pp. 162 - 175
• Main Authors: Abu Salem, Fatima K., Jaber, Mohamad, Abdallah, Chadi, Mehio, Omar, Najem, Sara
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Piscataway IEEE 01.02.2019; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Computer simulation; Contingency; Correlation; Failure; Fault tolerance; Fault tolerant systems; Graph; Nodes; parallel computing; power grid; Power grids; Resilience; Scalability; Spark; Sparks; spatiotemporal; Time synchronization; Topology
• ISSN: 2329-924X; 2373-7476
• DOI: 10.1109/TCSS.2018.2888689

We address a topological vulnerability analysis of the Lebanese power grid subject to random and cascading failures. Using an Apache Spark implementation that maps the topology of the grid to a complex network, we begin by developing a local structural understanding of the Lebanese power grid that reveals a certain level of decentralization via numerous connected components. Our Apache Spark implementation simulates the random and cascading sequences of events by which energy centers in Lebanon can be exposed and are at risk. The implementation is based on the bulk-synchronous parallel model and maintains optimal work, linear communication time, and a constant number of synchronization barriers. We complement this paper with a spatial understanding of the exposed hotspots. Our results reveal that failures in the power grid are spatially long-range correlated and correlations decay with distance. In a couple of attack scenarios, our Spark implementation achieves significant speedup on 16 cores for a graph with about <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">9\times 10^{5} </tex-math></inline-formula> nodes. Scalability toward 32 nodes improves when experimenting with replicas of the power grid graph which are double and quadruple the original size. This renders this paper suitable to larger networks at many vital levels beyond the power grid.