P8 Demographic Profiles of Patients Who Report Receiving Lifestyle Counseling for Diabetes Prevention

• Published in: Journal of nutrition education and behavior Vol. 51; no. 7; p. S36
• Main Authors: Williams, April, Smirnova, Ekaterina, Thomson, Maria D.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Inc 01.07.2019
• Subjects: adults; body mass index; counseling; demographic statistics; diabetes; Gastroenterology and Hepatology; gender; Internal Medicine; lifestyle; low sodium diet; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; nationalities and ethnic groups; obesity; patients; physical activity; poverty; regression analysis; risk reduction; sodium; United States; weight loss; United States
• ISSN: 1499-4046
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2019.05.384

More than 33% of adults in the US have prediabetes yet only 11% report having been diagnosed with the condition (CDC). Lifestyle counseling has been shown to reduce risk for progression to diabetes. To evaluate the prevalence of lifestyle counseling for diabetes prevention and demographic associations of adults who have self-reported prediabetes. Data include adults who self-reported they were informed by a provider to have prediabetes, be at risk for diabetes and/or be borderline for diabetes (n = 1110) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015-2016. Lifestyle counseling outcomes are weight loss, physical activity and nutrition recommendations. Frequencies of demographics (gender, poverty level, race/ethnicity, age and BMI) are summarized for these outcomes. Chi-square testing determined association for outcomes and multiple logistic regression showed predictive association between outcomes and demographics. Rates of lifestyle counseling for the self-reported prediabetes population range between 31% - 60%. BMI is associated with all counseling outcomes, with obesity being the largest predictor of provider counseling about weight loss (OR 20.0; CL 7.0, 57.5), physical activity (OR 4.0; CL 2.0, 7.8), reduction of fat/calories (OR 4.4; CL 2.7, 7.4), and reduction of sodium (OR 5.6; CL 2.9, 11.0). Sodium reduction is the only outcome associated with multiple demographics: poverty (P = .0007), race/ethnicity (P < .0001), age (P < .0001), and BMI (P < .0001). Provider conversations about lifestyle change for diabetes prevention are variable. To better understand how providers give lifestyle counseling to prevent prediabetes progression to diabetes, future research can examine salience of topics, barriers and causes of possible disparities.