A novel strategy for sparse attack detection and localization in secure state estimation of power systems

• Published in: Electric power systems research Vol. 248; p. 111881
• Main Authors: Samimiat, Marzieh, Ahmadi, Ali-Akbar, Nateghi, Abolfazl, Kelarestaghi, Manoochehr
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier B.V 01.11.2025
• Subjects: Bad data detection algorithms; Consistent set; Detection and localization; Minimum sparse attack; Similar sparse attack set; Minimum sparse attack; Consistent set; Similar sparse attack set; Bad data detection algorithms; Detection and localization
• ISSN: 0378-7796
• DOI: 10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111881

•the sparse attack detection and localization is performed for the first time;•the design procedure is based on a simple search which can be done easily and in a fast manner even for the large power systems;•only some limited measurement data link must be dedicated by using fiber optic channels or utilizing secure communication methods, thus, the cost of the proposed scheme would be low in the real implementation in power system;•since some redundant secure measurements are used in the secure state estimation process, the overall system resiliency is high when a physical attack damages a secure link. Since, another secure link' data can be used easily;•the detection and localization are performed in a single step, thus the proposed method can be easily implemented in real applications. In this paper, problem of secure state estimation in power systems in the presence of sparse attack is investigated. Using secure measurements technique for the first time, the required secure measurements are determined for each sparse attack. In the proposed scheme, it is not necessary that all measurements be encoded or transmitted in a dedicated communication channels such as fiber optic links. Therefore, implementation of it is cost-effective. Using the secure measurements technique, modified measurement Jacobian matrices are obtained and then modified residual vectors are designed. The residual vectors are designed such that only one detector is reacted to the specific sparse attack, so attacks are localized. The design procedure is based on a simple search which can be done easily and in a fast manner even for the large power systems. Due to the fact that the exact location of the attack in the power system is identified (measurements under the sparse attack), an algorithm is proposed that obtains the correct state estimation. The simulation results on the IEEE-14 bus power system are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.