Hospitalization for Nipple Confusion A Method to Restore Healthy Breastfeeding

• Published in: Clinical lactation Vol. 7; no. 2; pp. 69 - 76
• Main Authors: Praborini, Asti, Purnamasari, Hani, Munandar, Agusnawati, Wulandari, Ratih Ayu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer Publishing Company 2016
• Subjects: Advanced Practice; Critical Care, Acute Care, and Emergency; Medicine; Nursing; Other Specialties; Pediatrics and Neonatal; initiation of lactation; breastfeeding; tongue-tie; relactation; nipple confusion; bottle-feeding
• ISSN: 2158-0782; 2158-0537
• DOI: 10.1891/2158-0782.7.2.69

Background: The World Health Organization has encouraged all facilities providing maternity services and care for newborn infants to adopt the "10 steps" of successful breastfeeding. This includes not giving artificial teats to breastfeeding infants because they may cause nipple confusion. We present a multimodal hospitalization protocol for infants with nipple confusion, a multimodal relactation method that supports breastfeeding couplets. Purpose: To investigate the effectiveness of hospitalization as an intervention for nipple confusion. Method: Data related to nipple confusion in patients hospitalized between January and December 2012 at Kemang Medical Care, Jakarta, Indonesia, was reviewed. Survival analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between infant age and intervention outcomes. Results: There were 58 cases of nipple confusion during the study period. Most subjects (96.6%) totally rejected breast contact. Forty-six cases (79.3%) used bottles because of tongue-tie. The length of hospitalization varied from 1 (56.9%) to 5 days (3.4%). Fifty-three cases (91.4%) were able to successfully breastfeed using our protocol. Younger babies had greater breastfeeding success. Conclusion: Hospitalization for nipple confusion with multimodal management is effective for treating nipple confusion. Tongue-tie can lead to difficulties in initiating breastfeeding, and early introduction to artificial teats can lead to nipple confusion. Early detection and treatment is desirable.