Voronoi-Cluster Multi-Resolution Hierarchical Codebook Design for Cell-Free Integrated Sensing and Communication Systems

• Published in: IEEE transactions on communications Vol. 72; no. 7; pp. 4432 - 4445
• Main Authors: Cao, Yu, Yu, Qi-Yue, Guo, Ji-Chong, Cheng, Julian
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York IEEE 01.07.2024; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Algorithms; cell-free; Channel estimation; Clusters; Communications systems; Error detection; Estimation; Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC); Interference; multi-resolution hierarchical codebook; Robustness; Sensors; Signal to noise ratio; Target acquisition; Target detection; Training; Trip estimation; Vectors
• ISSN: 0090-6778; 1558-0857
• DOI: 10.1109/TCOMM.2024.3369677

Cell-free integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) offers simultaneous high-quality communication and robust target sensing, boasting superior spectral efficiency. This approach has emerged as a crucial technique in meeting the demanding requirements of 6G systems. For such a system, we investigate Voronoi-cluster multi-resolution assemblages, which involves the creation of a multi-resolution hierarchical codebook designed to support robust channel estimation and accurate latency estimation. Compared with the classical channel estimation method, the proposed scheme achieves a balance between search efficiency and detection accuracy. Leveraging on the benefits of the cell-free structure, we also propose a joint correlation multiple targets sensing algorithm to acquire the round-trip latencies of multiple targets. Moreover, we evaluate the performances of normalized mean square error, detection rate and latency estimation rate. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed cell-free ISAC architecture provides superior detection performances than the classical centralized ISAC counterpart.