Inhibitory Effects on Oral Microbial Activity and Production of Lipopolysaccharides-Induced Pro-Inflammatory Mediators in Raw264.7 Macrophages of Ethanol Extract of Perilla flutescens (L.) Britton

• Published in: Chiwisaeng gwahakoeji Vol. 20; no. 4; pp. 213 - 220
• Main Authors: Jeong, Moon-Jin, Lim, Do-Seon, Lee, Myoung-Hwa, Heo, Kyungwon, Kim, Han-Hong, Jeong, Soon-Jeong
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: The Korean Society of Dental Hygiene Science 01.12.2020; 한국치위생과학회
• Subjects: oral microbial activity; perilla frutescens; pro-inflammatory mediator; raw264.7 cells; rosmarinic acid; 치의학
• ISSN: 1598-4478; 2233-7679
• DOI: 10.17135/jdhs.2020.20.4.213

Background: The leaves of Perilla frutescens, commonly called perilla and used for food in Korea, contain components with a variety of biological effects and potential therapeutic applications. The purpose of this study was to identify the components of 70% ethanol extracted Perilla frutescens (EEPF) and determine its inhibitory effects on oral microbial activity and production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-stimulated Raw264.7 macrophages, consequently, to confirm the possibility of using EEPF as a functional component for improving the oral environment and preventing inflammation.Methods: One kg of P. frutescens leaves was extracted with 70% ethanol and dried at −70oC. EEPF was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography analysis, and antimicrobial activity against oral microorganisms was revealed using the disk diffusion test. Cell viability was elucidated using a methylthiazolydiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay, and the effect of EEPF on LPS-induced morphological variation was confirmed through microscopic observation. The effect of EEPF on LPS-induced production of pro-inflammatory mediators, NO and PGE2 was confirmed by the NO assay and PGE2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: The main component of EEPF was rosemarinic acid, and EEPF showed weak anti-bacterial and anti-fungal effects against microorganisms living in the oral cavity. EEPF did not show toxicity to Raw264.7 macrophages and had inhibitory effects on the morphological variations and production of pro-inflammatory mediators, NO and PGE2 in LPS-stimulated Raw264.7 macrophages.Conclusion: EEPF can be used as a functional material for improving the oral environment through the control of oral microorganisms and for modulating inflammation by inhibiting the production of inflammatory mediators.