γδT cells contribute to type 2 inflammatory profiles in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps

• Published in: Clinical science (1979) Vol. 133; no. 22; pp. 2301 - 2315
• Main Authors: Li, Xia, Wang, Zhiyuan, Chang, Lihong, Chen, Xiaohong, Yang, Luoying, Lai, Xiaoping, Li, Shuaixiang, Huang, Jiancong, Huang, Zizhen, Wu, Xifu, Bellanti, Joseph A, Zheng, Song Guo, Zhang, Gehua
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England 29.11.2019
• Subjects: Animals; Biomarkers - metabolism; Chronic Disease; Cytokines - metabolism; Eosinophilia - complications; Eosinophilia - immunology; Eosinophilia - metabolism; Humans; Intraepithelial Lymphocytes - physiology; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Nasal Mucosa - metabolism; Nasal Polyps - complications; Nasal Polyps - immunology; Nasal Polyps - metabolism; Sinusitis - complications; Sinusitis - immunology; Sinusitis - metabolism; chronic rhinosinusitis; eosinophils; γδT cells; Type 2 immune response
• ISSN: 0143-5221; 1470-8736; 1470-8736
• DOI: 10.1042/CS20190481

Eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (ECRS) is a condition linked with type 2 inflammation, poor treatment outcomes, and high recurrence tendency. Although γδT cells have been reported to induce type 2 immune responses and eosinophilic infiltration in several diseases, their role in ECRS has not been fully explored. We aimed to evaluate the association of γδT cells with the type 2 inflammatory profiles in ECRS. Nasal tissue samples obtained from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) (51 eosinophilic and 48 non-eosinophilic), 50 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP), and 58 control subjects were examined for γδT cells, inflammatory markers and eosinophils using HE, RT-qPCR, ELISA, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry. In parallel, studies were also conducted in an ECRS murine model induced by anti-γδT cells neutralizing antibody administration. γδT cells expression was significantly increased in tissues from patients with ECRS compared with non-ECRS, CRSsNP and control subjects. Moreover, inflammatory markers including type 2 proinflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13), GATA3, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), and eotaxin levels were also increased in nasal tissues of patients with ECRS, and Vγ1+ γδT cells mRNA expression was positively correlated with type 2 cytokines, GATA3, and ECP. In the ECRS murine model, anti-Vγ1+ γδT antibody treatment reduced the infiltration of eosinophils and expression of type 2 cytokines, GATA3, and ECP in nasal mucosae. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that γδT cells play a crucial role in the type 2 inflammatory profiles and nasal tissue eosinophilic infiltration in patients with ECRS.