Anti-Mycobacterial Activity of Ocimum Sanctum Essential Oil Against Clonally Diverse Drug Resistant Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex

• Published in: Natural product sciences Vol. 31; no. 2; pp. 111 - 120
• Main Authors: Akinniyi, Akinduti Paul, Oluwatoyin, Ajanaku Christiana, Oluwaseun, Ejilude, Olukayode, Olumuyiwa Emmanuel, Gladys, Ofem Oluchi, Olugbamila, Dada Michael, Elhadidy, Mohamed, Maged, El-Ashker
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 한국생약학회 30.06.2025
• Subjects: 약학
• ISSN: 1226-3907; 2288-9027
• DOI: 10.20307/nps.2025.31.2.111

Pulmonary morbidity caused by the clonally diverse multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MDR-Mtbc) is alarming due to increasing resistance to available antimicrobials which further exacerbates the disease burden. The constituted chemical compounds (chemotypes) in Ocimum sanctum essential oil (OsEO) were investigated for their antimycobacterial potential against the MDR-Mtbc strains. Isolated Mtbc strains from sputum samples (n = 546) were analysed with the Xpert MTB/RIF and LJ culture-based assay. Drug susceptibility and evaluation for clonal diversity was performed for MDR-Mtbc. Extracted oil was profiled with GC-MS, and analysed for antimycobacterial activity. Among the confirmed Mtbc cases (n = 546), adults (61.3%) were the most affected and more than 50% of Mtb strains were resistant to rifampicin and isoniazid. Among the isolates, MDR (40.2%) and pre-XDR (2%) strains were observed. OsEO showed growth reduction (48.90GU) and higher inhibitory activity at IC50 against MDR MTbc compared to Bedaquiline. Estimated phytochemical compounds were significantly associated with OsEO anti-Mtb activity (eta = 0.5245; p = 0.002). Estimated cyclohexane, carbonic acid and mercaptoethanol were significantly associated with anti-Mtb activity (PC = 84.5%). Cyclohexane, carbonic acid and mercaptoethanol in OsEO are promising antimycobacterial candidates against clonally diverse MDR-Mtbc, and could be exploited as analogues or derivatives for existing drugs. KCI Citation Count: 0