STUDIES ON THE IMPLICIT PERSONALITY THEORY (I) EXTRACTING DIMENSIONS IN PERCEIVING PERSONALITY BY THE “INDIVIDUAL SCALES METHOD”
The purpose of the present study is to examine effectiveness of the “individual scales method” for analyzing people's cognitive structures. Ss, thirty-three male undergraduates, rated thirtytwo SPs on their own “individual scales. ” Then, they rated traits on which their individual scales based...
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| Published in | Jikken shakai shinrigaku kenkyū Vol. 23; no. 1; pp. 9 - 25 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English Japanese |
| Published |
The Japanese Group Dynamics Association
1983
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0387-7973 1348-6276 |
| DOI | 10.2130/jjesp.23.9 |
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| Abstract | The purpose of the present study is to examine effectiveness of the “individual scales method” for analyzing people's cognitive structures. Ss, thirty-three male undergraduates, rated thirtytwo SPs on their own “individual scales. ” Then, they rated traits on which their individual scales based on twenty common scales. Data on rating SPs were factor-analyzed for individual Ss. Factors extracted thus were interpreted and were clustered using data on rating traits as a mediator. Major findings obtained are as follows: 1. Range of numbers of individual's factors extracted was one to seven, and its mode was four. 2. Though contents of the factorsextracte dvaried widely, most of them were found to contain somewhat evaluative tune. Some factors, however, were interpreted as connected with a mixture of potency and activity, rather than with evaluation. 3. Most of the factors extracted from the present method were able to be pigeonholed according to the “fundamental three dimensions in perceiving personality” (Hayashi, 1978a; 1978b). |
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| AbstractList | The purpose of the present study is to examine effectiveness of the “individual scales method” for analyzing people's cognitive structures. Ss, thirty-three male undergraduates, rated thirtytwo SPs on their own “individual scales. ” Then, they rated traits on which their individual scales based on twenty common scales. Data on rating SPs were factor-analyzed for individual Ss. Factors extracted thus were interpreted and were clustered using data on rating traits as a mediator. Major findings obtained are as follows: 1. Range of numbers of individual's factors extracted was one to seven, and its mode was four. 2. Though contents of the factorsextracte dvaried widely, most of them were found to contain somewhat evaluative tune. Some factors, however, were interpreted as connected with a mixture of potency and activity, rather than with evaluation. 3. Most of the factors extracted from the present method were able to be pigeonholed according to the “fundamental three dimensions in perceiving personality” (Hayashi, 1978a; 1978b). |
| Author | HIROOKA, SHUICHI OHASHI, MASAO HAYASHI, FUMITOSHI |
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| References | Guttman, L. 1954 New approach to factor analysis: The radex. In P.F. Lazarsfeld (Ed.), Mathematical thinking in the social sciences. Glencoe, Ill.: Free Press. Reker, G.T. 1974 Interpersonal conceptual structures of emotionally disturbed and normal boys. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 83, 380-386. 下妻晶子・望月衛 1976 人物知覚と親和度-尺度に関する一研究と判定に関する一研究- 日本心理学会第40回大会発表論文集, 1215-1216. Carroll, J.D., & Chang, J.J. 1970 Analysis of individual differences in mutidimensional scaling via an n-way generalization of Eckart-Young decomposition. Psychometrika, 35, 283-319. 林文俊 1981 対人認知構造における個人差の測定 (6) -認知者の性および年齢差についての検討-心理学研究, 52, 244-247. Rosenberg, S., Nelson, C., & Vivekananthan, P.S. 1968 A multidimensional approach to the structure of personality impressions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 9, 283-294. Gara, M.A., & Rosenberg, S. 1979 The identification of person as super-sets and subsets in free-response personality descriptions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 2161-2170. 林文俊 1982 対人認知構造における個人差の測定 (8) -認知者の自己概念および欲求との関連について- 実験社会心理学研究, 22, 1-9. 広岡秀一・林文俊 1981 パーソナリティ認知様式の個人差に関する検討 日本行動計量学会第9回大会発表論文集, 114-115. 大橋正夫・広岡秀一・林文俊 1982 暗黙裡の性格観に関する研究 (1) 日本心理学会第46回大会発表予稿集, 420. Hays, W.L. 1958 An approach to the study of trait implication and trait similarity. In R. Tagiuri & L. Petrullo (Eds.), Person perception and interpersonal behavior. Stanford: Stanford University Press. Bruner, J.S., & Tagiuri, R. 1954 The perception of people. In G. Lindzey (Ed.), Handbook of social psychology. Vol. 2. Cambridge, Mass.: Addison Wesley. Kuusinen, J. 1969 Factorial invariance of personality ratings. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 10, 33-44. 松原敏浩・内田敏夫 1979 パーソナリティ認知の多次元的研究-次元の一般性におよぼす StimulusPersonおよび被験者の性の影響について- 実験社会心理学研究, 19, 107-117. Rosenberg, S., & Jones, R. 1972 A method for investigating and representing a person's implicit theory of personality: Theodore Dreiser's view of people. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 22, 372-386. 林文俊 1979 対人認知構造における個人差の測定 (4) -INDSCALモデルによる多次元解析的アプローチ- 心理学研究, 50, 211-218. 林文俊・大橋正夫・広岡秀一 1982 暗黙裡の性格観に関する研究 (2) 日本心理学会第46回大会発表予稿集, 420. Kim, M.P., & Rosenberg, S. 1980 Comparison of two structural models of implicit personality theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38, 375-389. 池上知子 1981 印象形成過程における認知構造の変容-認知的複雑性 (CC) -単純性 (CS) との関連で-日本心理学会第45回大会発表論文集, 749. Rosenberg, S. 1977 New approaches to the analysis of personal constructs in person perception. In J. Cole (Ed.), Nebraska symposium on motivation. Vol. 24. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. Bieri, J. 1955 Cognitive complexity-simplicity and predictive behavior. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 51, 263-268. 林文俊 1978a 対人認知構造の基本次元についての一考察 名古屋大学教育学部紀要 (教育心理学科), 25, 233-247. Peevers, B.H., & Secord, P.F. 1973 Developmental changes in attribution of descriptive concepts to persons. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 27, 120-128. Olshan, K. 1970 The multidimensinal structure of person perception in children. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Rutgers University). Cited in S. Rosenberg & A. Sedlak, 1972. Takane, Y., Young, Y., & deLeeuw, J. 1977 Nonmetric individual differences multidimensional scaling: An alternating least squares method with optimal scaling featurers. Psychometrika, 42, 7-67. 大橋正夫・三輪弘道・平林進・長戸啓子 1973 写真による印象形成の研究 (2) -印象評定のための尺度項目の選定- 名古屋大学教育学部紀要 (教育心理学科), 20, 93-102. 堀毛一也 1982 対人認知構造の安定性に関する状況要因の検討-異なる仮想状況における安定性と認知者の特性による相違- 日本グループ・ダイナミックス学会第30回大会発表論文集, 30-31. 塗師斌 1969 対人態度における価値的認知と感情教育心理学研究, 17, 144-155. Conte, H.R., & Plutchik, R. 1981 A circumplex model for interpersonal personality traits. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 40, 701-711. 林文俊 1978b 相貌と性格の仮定された関連性 (3) -漫画の登場人物を刺激材料として- 名古屋大学教育学部紀要 (教育心理学科), 25, 41-56. 内田敏夫・松原敏浩 1982 パーソナリティ認知の多次元的研究 (2) -被験者の発達段階およびStimulus Personによる次元の変動性について- 実験社会心理学研究, 21, 121-128. Bruner, J.S., Shapiro, D., & Tagiuri, R. 1958 The meaning of traits in isolation and in combination. In R. Tagiuri & L. Petrullo (Eds.), Person perception and interpersonal behavior. Stanford: Stanford University Press. 落合勲 1982 対人認知における性差の研究 (1) 日23実験社会心理学研究 第23巻 第1号本心理学会第46回大会発表予稿集, 422. Beach, L., & Wertheimer, M. 1961 A free response approach to the study of person cognition. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 62, 367-374. Hamilton, D.L. 1970 The structure of personality judgement: comments on Kuusinen's paper and further evidence. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 11, 261-265. 藤原哲 1977 対人的認知構造の研究 (IV) -個人的構成概念関係強度の安定性と変動性-, 心理学研究, 47, 325-333. Mehrabian, A., & Komito, D. 1968 ln A. Mehrabian, An anallysis of Personality theories. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. Ohbuchi, K., & Horike, K. 1978 On consistency of cognitive complexity between different grids. Japanese Psychological Research, 20, 177-182. 林文俊 1976 対人認知構造における個人差の測定 (2) -INDSCALモデルによるアプローチ- 日本心理学会第40回大会発表論文集, 1338-1339. Cantor, J. H. 1976 Individual needs and salient constructs in interpersonal perception. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 34, 519-525. Cronbach, L.J. 1955 Processes affecting scores on “understanding others” and “assumed similarity” . Psychological Bulletin, 52, 177-193. Mischel, W. 1968 Personality and assessment. New York: Wiley. Osgood, C.E., Suci, G.J., & Tannenbaum, P.H. 1975 The measurement of meaning. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. 吉田寿夫 1982 対人認知過程に関する研究-認知次元のウェイトおよび次元間関連度について- 日本心理学会第46回大会発表予稿集, 422. Kelly, G.A. 1955 The psychology of personal constructs. New York: Norton. Rosenberg, S., & Sedlak, A. 1972 Structural representations of implicit personality theory. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology, Vol. 6. New York: Academic Press. |
| References_xml | – reference: Cantor, J. H. 1976 Individual needs and salient constructs in interpersonal perception. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 34, 519-525. – reference: 堀毛一也 1982 対人認知構造の安定性に関する状況要因の検討-異なる仮想状況における安定性と認知者の特性による相違- 日本グループ・ダイナミックス学会第30回大会発表論文集, 30-31. – reference: 松原敏浩・内田敏夫 1979 パーソナリティ認知の多次元的研究-次元の一般性におよぼす StimulusPersonおよび被験者の性の影響について- 実験社会心理学研究, 19, 107-117. – reference: 吉田寿夫 1982 対人認知過程に関する研究-認知次元のウェイトおよび次元間関連度について- 日本心理学会第46回大会発表予稿集, 422. – reference: Kim, M.P., & Rosenberg, S. 1980 Comparison of two structural models of implicit personality theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38, 375-389. – reference: Rosenberg, S., Nelson, C., & Vivekananthan, P.S. 1968 A multidimensional approach to the structure of personality impressions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 9, 283-294. – reference: Carroll, J.D., & Chang, J.J. 1970 Analysis of individual differences in mutidimensional scaling via an n-way generalization of Eckart-Young decomposition. Psychometrika, 35, 283-319. – reference: Ohbuchi, K., & Horike, K. 1978 On consistency of cognitive complexity between different grids. Japanese Psychological Research, 20, 177-182. – reference: 林文俊・大橋正夫・広岡秀一 1982 暗黙裡の性格観に関する研究 (2) 日本心理学会第46回大会発表予稿集, 420. – reference: 林文俊 1976 対人認知構造における個人差の測定 (2) -INDSCALモデルによるアプローチ- 日本心理学会第40回大会発表論文集, 1338-1339. – reference: Rosenberg, S. 1977 New approaches to the analysis of personal constructs in person perception. In J. Cole (Ed.), Nebraska symposium on motivation. Vol. 24. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. – reference: Kelly, G.A. 1955 The psychology of personal constructs. New York: Norton. – reference: 林文俊 1978b 相貌と性格の仮定された関連性 (3) -漫画の登場人物を刺激材料として- 名古屋大学教育学部紀要 (教育心理学科), 25, 41-56. – reference: Takane, Y., Young, Y., & deLeeuw, J. 1977 Nonmetric individual differences multidimensional scaling: An alternating least squares method with optimal scaling featurers. Psychometrika, 42, 7-67. – reference: Gara, M.A., & Rosenberg, S. 1979 The identification of person as super-sets and subsets in free-response personality descriptions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 2161-2170. – reference: Guttman, L. 1954 New approach to factor analysis: The radex. In P.F. Lazarsfeld (Ed.), Mathematical thinking in the social sciences. Glencoe, Ill.: Free Press. – reference: 内田敏夫・松原敏浩 1982 パーソナリティ認知の多次元的研究 (2) -被験者の発達段階およびStimulus Personによる次元の変動性について- 実験社会心理学研究, 21, 121-128. – reference: Beach, L., & Wertheimer, M. 1961 A free response approach to the study of person cognition. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 62, 367-374. – reference: Reker, G.T. 1974 Interpersonal conceptual structures of emotionally disturbed and normal boys. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 83, 380-386. – reference: 大橋正夫・広岡秀一・林文俊 1982 暗黙裡の性格観に関する研究 (1) 日本心理学会第46回大会発表予稿集, 420. – reference: 大橋正夫・三輪弘道・平林進・長戸啓子 1973 写真による印象形成の研究 (2) -印象評定のための尺度項目の選定- 名古屋大学教育学部紀要 (教育心理学科), 20, 93-102. – reference: Hays, W.L. 1958 An approach to the study of trait implication and trait similarity. In R. Tagiuri & L. Petrullo (Eds.), Person perception and interpersonal behavior. Stanford: Stanford University Press. – reference: Mischel, W. 1968 Personality and assessment. New York: Wiley. – reference: 塗師斌 1969 対人態度における価値的認知と感情教育心理学研究, 17, 144-155. – reference: Bieri, J. 1955 Cognitive complexity-simplicity and predictive behavior. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 51, 263-268. – reference: Rosenberg, S., & Sedlak, A. 1972 Structural representations of implicit personality theory. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology, Vol. 6. New York: Academic Press. – reference: 下妻晶子・望月衛 1976 人物知覚と親和度-尺度に関する一研究と判定に関する一研究- 日本心理学会第40回大会発表論文集, 1215-1216. – reference: 林文俊 1981 対人認知構造における個人差の測定 (6) -認知者の性および年齢差についての検討-心理学研究, 52, 244-247. – reference: Hamilton, D.L. 1970 The structure of personality judgement: comments on Kuusinen's paper and further evidence. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 11, 261-265. – reference: 落合勲 1982 対人認知における性差の研究 (1) 日23実験社会心理学研究 第23巻 第1号本心理学会第46回大会発表予稿集, 422. – reference: Osgood, C.E., Suci, G.J., & Tannenbaum, P.H. 1975 The measurement of meaning. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. – reference: Kuusinen, J. 1969 Factorial invariance of personality ratings. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 10, 33-44. – reference: Mehrabian, A., & Komito, D. 1968 ln A. Mehrabian, An anallysis of Personality theories. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. – reference: Bruner, J.S., & Tagiuri, R. 1954 The perception of people. In G. Lindzey (Ed.), Handbook of social psychology. Vol. 2. Cambridge, Mass.: Addison Wesley. – reference: 広岡秀一・林文俊 1981 パーソナリティ認知様式の個人差に関する検討 日本行動計量学会第9回大会発表論文集, 114-115. – reference: Peevers, B.H., & Secord, P.F. 1973 Developmental changes in attribution of descriptive concepts to persons. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 27, 120-128. – reference: Olshan, K. 1970 The multidimensinal structure of person perception in children. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Rutgers University). Cited in S. Rosenberg & A. Sedlak, 1972. – reference: 林文俊 1978a 対人認知構造の基本次元についての一考察 名古屋大学教育学部紀要 (教育心理学科), 25, 233-247. – reference: Rosenberg, S., & Jones, R. 1972 A method for investigating and representing a person's implicit theory of personality: Theodore Dreiser's view of people. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 22, 372-386. – reference: 林文俊 1982 対人認知構造における個人差の測定 (8) -認知者の自己概念および欲求との関連について- 実験社会心理学研究, 22, 1-9. – reference: 池上知子 1981 印象形成過程における認知構造の変容-認知的複雑性 (CC) -単純性 (CS) との関連で-日本心理学会第45回大会発表論文集, 749. – reference: Bruner, J.S., Shapiro, D., & Tagiuri, R. 1958 The meaning of traits in isolation and in combination. In R. Tagiuri & L. Petrullo (Eds.), Person perception and interpersonal behavior. Stanford: Stanford University Press. – reference: 林文俊 1979 対人認知構造における個人差の測定 (4) -INDSCALモデルによる多次元解析的アプローチ- 心理学研究, 50, 211-218. – reference: Cronbach, L.J. 1955 Processes affecting scores on “understanding others” and “assumed similarity” . Psychological Bulletin, 52, 177-193. – reference: 藤原哲 1977 対人的認知構造の研究 (IV) -個人的構成概念関係強度の安定性と変動性-, 心理学研究, 47, 325-333. – reference: Conte, H.R., & Plutchik, R. 1981 A circumplex model for interpersonal personality traits. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 40, 701-711. |
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| Subtitle | EXTRACTING DIMENSIONS IN PERCEIVING PERSONALITY BY THE “INDIVIDUAL SCALES METHOD” |
| Title | STUDIES ON THE IMPLICIT PERSONALITY THEORY (I) |
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