Importance of Caste-Based Headcounts An Analysis of Caste-Specific Demographics Transition in India

• Published in: Caste Vol. 4; no. 1; pp. 75 - 91
• Main Authors: Singh, D.P., Chanda, Srei, Dwivedi, L.K., Dixit, Priyanka, Jana, Somnath
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Brandeis University, Center for Global Development and Sustainability 15.05.2023; Brandeis University Library
• Subjects: Caste, socio-economic inequality, Total Fertility Rate, child mortality, NFHS, India
• ISSN: 2639-4928; 2639-4928
• DOI: 10.26812/caste.v4i1.497

Caste has always been a subject of socio-political segregation in India. Inequality across caste is prominent for varying health and development outcomes, which is a subject less researched till date. Four rounds of National Family Health Surveys (1–4) conducted in the last 25 years are analysed to portray the fertility and mortality differentials across castes/tribes. The article signifies, that distinct inter and intra-caste differences in association with the region of residence are present that must be taken into consideration while understanding the health outcomes. Despite a decline in the fertility and child mortality rates in India, caste-wise differentials suggests that the decline is associated with the socioeconomic position and transition experienced by these groups. Though schemes and benefits are targeted towards backwards castes, however, sub-castes under each caste are far from realization of those benefits at equal pace. Realization of the developmental processes among castes is a matter of proper enumeration and intricate research that rationalize the distributive and affirmative policies of India.