MicroarrayCancerNet: Hybrid optimized deep learning with integration of graph CNN with 1D-CNN for cancer classification framework using microarray and seq expression data

• Published in: Computational biology and chemistry Vol. 120; no. Pt 2; p. 108706
• Main Authors: Shyamala Gowri, B., H Nair, S. Anu, Kumar, K.P. Sanal, Kamalakkannan, S.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.02.2026
• Subjects: Cancer Classification; Hybrid Deep Learning Framework; Micro-array Data; Modified Sandpiper Optimization Algorithm; Optimal Gene Selection; Micro-array Data; Optimal Gene Selection; Hybrid Deep Learning Framework; Cancer Classification; Modified Sandpiper Optimization Algorithm
• ISSN: 1476-9271; 1476-928X; 1476-928X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2025.108706

The key difficulty lies in accurately classifying the relevant genes through analysis and selection. A variety of methods are used to classify the genes. However, in the selection of numerous genes in the huge dimensional microarray data, only a limited amount of success has been achieved. Thus, this study focuses on designing a new cancer classification framework. In the initial stage, the microarray and seq expression information is attained from the standard datasets. Next, the pre-processing is performed using NAN removal and the missing value removal from the samples to convert it into a numeric feature matrix for making the data suitable for further levels of processing. Then, the Modified Sandpiper Optimization Algorithm (MSOA) is suggested for confirming the optimal gene from the pre-processed information. Finally, the chosen optimal gene is fed to the cancer classification stage, where the Hybrid Deep Learning Framework (HDLF) is suggested by incorporating the Graph Convolutional Neural Network (GCNN) with One-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Networks (1D-CNN). The parameters of both Graph CNN and 1D-CNN are tuned via the same MSOA. Finally, the experimental results confirm that the developed model performs well compared to existing machine learning and currently utilized deep learning methods for cancer classification. The precision of the proposed model is 91.78 %.