Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh 2020: a population-based cross-sectional study

• Published in: BMJ open Vol. 12; no. 11; p. e066653
• Main Authors: Rahman, Mahbubur, Khan, Samsad Rabbani, Alamgir, A S M, Kennedy, David S, Hakim, Ferdous, Evers, Egmond Samir, Afreen, Nawroz, Alam, Ahmed Nawsher, Islam, Md Sahidul, Paul, Debashish, Bhuiyan, Rijwan, Islam, Raisul, Moureen, Adneen, Salimuzzaman, M, Billah, Mallick Masum, Sharif, Ahmed Raihan, Akter, Mst Khaleda, Sultana, Sharmin, Khan, Manjur Hossain, von Harbou, Kai, Zaman, Mohammad Mostafa, Shirin, Tahmina, Flora, Meerjady Sabrina
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England British Medical Journal Publishing Group 21.11.2022; BMJ Publishing Group LTD; BMJ Publishing Group
• Series: Original research
• Subjects: Adult; Antibodies; Antibodies, Viral; Antigens; Asymptomatic; Bangladesh - epidemiology; Child; Community health care; Coronaviruses; COVID-19; COVID-19 - epidemiology; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data collection; Displaced persons; Epidemiology; Estimates; Families & family life; Female; Females; Households; Humans; Laboratories; Male; Males; Myanmar - epidemiology; Pandemics; Population density; Population-based studies; Public health; Quality control; Questionnaires; Repatriation; Sample size; SARS-CoV-2; Seroepidemiologic Studies; Serology; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Teams; Myanmar; Bangladesh; Myanmar (Burma); COVID-19; PUBLIC HEALTH; EPIDEMIOLOGY
• ISSN: 2044-6055; 2044-6055
• DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066653

ObjectivesThe study aimed to determine the seroprevalence, the fraction of asymptomatic infections, and risk factors of SARS-CoV-2 infections among the Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals (FDMNs).DesignIt was a population-based two-stage cross-sectional study at the level of households.SettingThe study was conducted in December 2020 among household members of the FDMN population living in the 34 camps of Ukhia and Teknaf Upazila of Cox’s Bazar district in Bangladesh.ParticipantsAmong 860 697 FDMNs residing in 187 517 households, 3446 were recruited for the study. One individual aged 1 year or older was randomly selected from each targeted household.Primary and secondary outcome measuresBlood samples from respondents were tested for total antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 using Wantai ELISA kits, and later positive samples were validated by Kantaro kits.ResultsMore than half (55.3%) of the respondents were females, aged 23 median (IQR 14–35) years and more than half (58.4%) had no formal education. Overall, 2090 of 3446 study participants tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibody. The weighted and test adjusted seroprevalence (95% CI) was 48.3% (45.3% to 51.4%), which did not differ by the sexes. Children (aged 1–17 years) had a significantly lower seroprevalence 38.6% (95% CI 33.8% to 43.4%) compared with adults (58.1%, 95% CI 55.2% to 61.1%). Almost half (45.7%, 95% CI 41.9% to 49.5%) of seropositive individuals reported no relevant symptoms since March 2020. Antibody seroprevalence was higher in those with any comorbidity (57.8%, 95% CI 50.4% to 64.5%) than those without (47.2%, 95% CI 43.9% to 50.4%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis of all subjects identified increasing age and education as risk factors for seropositivity. In children (≤17 years), only age was significantly associated with the infection.ConclusionsIn December 2020, about half of the FDMNs had antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, including those who reported no history of symptoms. Periodic serosurveys are necessary to recommend appropriate public health measures to limit transmission.