Assessment of a conceptual hydrological model and artificial neural networks for daily outflows forecasting

• Published in: International journal of environmental science and technology (Tehran) Vol. 10; no. 6; pp. 1181 - 1192
• Main Authors: Rezaeinzadeh, M, Stein, A, Tabari, H, Abghari, H, Jalalkamali, N, Hosseinipour, E. Z, Singh, V. P
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Center for Environment and Energy Research and Studies (CEERS) 01.11.2013; Springer Berlin Heidelberg; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Activation functions; Algorithms; Aquatic Pollution; Continuous rainfall-runoff; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecotoxicology; Environment; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Science and Engineering; Flood flow; Forecasting; HMS SMA model; Hydrologic modeling; Hydrologic models; Khosrow Shirin watershed; Multi layer perceptron; Neural networks; Original Paper; Soil moisture; Soil Science & Conservation; Waste Water Technology; Water flow; Water Management; Water Pollution Control; Watersheds; Iran; Multi layer perceptron; Continuous rainfall–runoff; HMS SMA model; Khosrow Shirin watershed; Activation functions
• ISSN: 1735-1472; 1735-2630
• DOI: 10.1007/s13762-013-0209-0

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are used by hydrologists and engineers to forecast flows at the outlet of a watershed. They are employed in particular where hydrological data are limited. Despite these developments, practitioners still prefer conventional hydrological models. This study applied the standard conceptual HEC-HMS's soil moisture accounting (SMA) algorithm and the multi layer perceptron (MLP) for forecasting daily outflows at the outlet of Khosrow Shirin watershed in Iran. The MLP [optimized with the scaled conjugate gradient] used the logistic and tangent sigmoid activation functions resulting into 12 ANNs. The R2 and RMSE values for the best trained MPLs using the tangent and logistic sigmoid transfer function were 0.87, 1.875 m3 s-1 and 0.81, 2.297 m3 s-1 , respectively. The results showed that MLPs optimized with the tangent sigmoid predicted peak flows and annual flood volumes more accuratel than the HEC- HMS model with the SMA algorithm, with R2 and RMSE values equal to 0.87, 0.84 and 1.875 and 2.1 m3 s-1, respectively. Also, an MLP is easier to develop due to using a simple trial and error procedure. Practitioners of hydrologic modeling and flood flow forecasting may consider this study as an example of the capability of the ANN for real world flow forecasting.