Direct evidence of central European forest refugia during the last glacial period based on mollusc fossils

• Published in: Quaternary research Vol. 82; no. 1; pp. 222 - 228
• Main Authors: Jurickova, Lucie, Horackova, Jitka, Lozek, Vojen
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, USA Cambridge University Press 01.07.2014; Elsevier Inc
• Subjects: Age; Carpathian region; Central Europe; Central European last glacial refugia; Central European region; deciduous forests; Forests; Fossils; Glacial periods; Land; Late glacial period; Mollusca; refuge habitats; Shells; Snails; Surviving of temperate species; ANE, Europe; Carpathian region; Central European region; Central European last glacial refugia; Surviving of temperate species; Late glacial period
• ISSN: 0033-5894; 1096-0287
• DOI: 10.1016/j.yqres.2014.01.015

Although there is evidence from molecular studies for the existence of central European last glacial refugia for temperate species, there is still a great lack of direct fossil records to confirm this theory. Here we bring such evidence in the form of fossil shells from twenty strictly forest land snail species, which were recorded in radiocarbon-dated late glacial or older mollusc assemblages of nine non-interrupted mollusc successions situated in the Western Carpathians, and one in the Bohemian Massif. We proposed that molluscs survived the last glacial period in central Europe in isolated small patches of broadleaf forest, which we unequivocally demonstrate for two sites of last glacial maximum age.